Effect of clomiphene citrate on endometrium thickness and echogenic patterns

Dehbashi, Sanaz; Parsanezhad, Mohammad Ebrahim; Alborzi, Saeed; Zarei, Afsoon

doi:10.1016/s0020-7292(02)00341-7

Cited by 54 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Of clinical importance is the effect of CC on endometrial thickness and quality as detected sonographically. There is evidence that endometrial thickness is reduced by CC, with multiple studies showing that the agent does have a negative impact (9)(10)(11). However, these studies have focused on a comparison of endometrial thickness while taking CC to placebo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining the proliferative phase endometrial defect

Bromer

Aldad

Taylor

2009

Fertility and Sterility

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Objective-To evaluate proliferative phase endometrial development in a heterogeneous infertility population.Design-Retrospective study. Patient(s)-246 treatment cycles.Setting-University-based infertility practice. Intervention(s)-Clomiphene citrate or FSH ovarian stimulation, followed by intrauterine insemination or in vitro fertilization.Main Outcome Measures(s)-Endometrial thickness by transvaginal ultrasonography. Clinical pregnancy rate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining the proliferative phase endometrial defect

Bromer

Aldad

Taylor

2009

Fertility and Sterility

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“…The discrepancy between ovulation and cumulative pregnancy rates is due to the antiestrogenic effects of CC on both endometrial lining and the quality of cervical mucus [5] . The endometrial thickness is significantly thinner in women under CC treatment than those not under such treatment [7,8] .…”

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 85%

Phytoestrogens as an alternative to estradiol in reversing the antiestrogenic effect of clomid on endometrium in ovulation induction in cases of PCO

Maged

Deeb

2015

Uterus Ovary

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Objective:To study the effect of phytoestrogens as an alternative to estradiol in reversing the antiestrogenic effect of clomid on endometrium in ovulation induction in cases of PCOS. Methods: Prospective study conducted on 150 women with PCOS were randomly divided using automated web based randomization system into 3 groups: group I included 50 women received CC only50 mg orally every 8 hours started from cycle day 3 for 5 days, group II included 50 women received estradiol from cycle day 7 to day 11 in addition to CC and group III included 50 women received phytoestrogen (20mg of cimifuga racemosa from day 1to12) in addition to CC. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between group I and the other two groups regarding occurrence of ovulation (82 vs.100 and 100 % respectively) A statistically significant difference was found between the three study groups regarding endometrial thickness (5.5±1.07 vs. 9.37 ±1.75 and 10.1±1.87 respectively). Also a significant difference was found between group I and the other two groups regarding pregnancy rate (18 vs.34 and 26 % respectively). Conclusion: Adding phytoestrogens to CC as an alternative to estradiol in PCOS women have increased the count of dominant follicles and improved endometrial thickness and pattern with improvement of both ovulation and pregnancy rates.

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“…The present study was in agreement with other studies that demonstrated poor endometrium in clomiphene cycles in the late proliferative phase but these changes no longer existed on the day of LH surge. 14,15 This can be explained by a decline in blocking effect of CC late in the cycle or by significantly elevated E2 circumventing E2 receptor blockade. Hence the anti-estrogenic effects of clomiphene were more pronounced in the proliferative phase and were improved by either addition of estradiol valerate or gonadotropins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%