Effect of cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrins on bull and goat sperm processed with fast or slow cryopreservation protocols

Mocé, E.; Tomás, C.; Blanch, E.; Graham, J. K.

doi:10.1017/s1751731114000226

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…Other authors did not observe improvement in the parameters of progressive motility when using 1 mg of CLC in goat semen and 2 mg in bull semen with the slow freezing protocol [16]. This differs from our work, as we found that 1 mg of CLC improved the PM parameters, but not at the concentration of 2 mg CLC.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Action of Cholesterol-Loaded Cyclodextrin on Viability of Ram Semen

Silva

Almada

Lima

et al. 2019

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Studies report that cyclodextrins have the property of carrying cholesterol to the membrane, but in some cases can also remove this cholesterol from the plasma membrane. The mechanism of action of CLC is not well understood, however, it seems to involve sperm protection during the freezing and thawing process. Studies show that its use enhancing increased osmotic tolerance and reduced premature sperm capacitation reaction. In this sense, studies report that cyclodextrins have the property of carrying cholesterol to the membrane, but in some cases can also remove this cholesterol from the plasma membrane. Improvements were reported in the sperm parameters of buffaloes, bulls, stallions and sheep. Ram naturally present less lipids in their membrane, on average 27%, while bulls have 31%, rabbits 62%, and humans 50%. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the use of cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrin (CLC), a commercial diluent, in the kinetics and viability of frozen and thawed ram spermatozoa. Materials, Methods & Results:Five ejaculates, from five rams of Dorper breed were collected and divided into three groups: control, 1 mg CLC and 2 mg CLC. Semen was diluted in different concentrations of CLC (0, 1, and 2 mg/120×10 6 spermatozoa), and incubated at room temperature (21°C) for 10 min. Samples were conditioned in 0.5 mL straws and incubated at 5°C for 4 h, exposed to LN 2 vapor for 10 min and storing a cryogenic container. The parameters as spermatic kinetics, plasma membrane, acrosomal membrane (MPAI, %), and intracellular levels of superoxide anion (O 2-) were evaluated. Sperm progressive motility (PM), rapid spermatozoa percentage (RAP), linearity (LIN, %), average path velocity (VAP, μm/s) and MPAI (%) were more satisfactory with the use of 1 mg compared to 2 mg (P < 0.05). In addition, 1 mg CLC showed decreased levels of superoxide anion formation (O 2-), a free radical detrimental to spermatozoa (P < 0.05). The use of 2 mg of CLC reduce VAP (P < 0.05) and did not have any beneficial effect on the evaluated parameters. Discussion: Authors did not observe improvement in the parameters of progressive motility when using 1 mg of CLC in goat semen and 2 mg in bull semen with the slow freezing protocol. This differs from our work, as we found that 1 mg of CLC improved the PM parameters, but not at the concentration of 2 mg CLC. Additionally, authors verified that cyclodextrin at 3 mg concentration was effective in protecting the sperm against the deleterious effects of H 2 O 2 . They obtained superior plasma membrane motility, viability, and integrity of the CLC-treated samples compared to the control group. The superoxide anion (O 2-) is a free radical formed from molecular oxygen by the addition of an electron. It is generated spontaneously, mainly in the membrane of the mitochondria, by the respiratory chain and by flavoenzimes, lipoxygenases, and cicloxygenases. In our study, we found a difference between the study group with 1 mg CLC and the control group. Thus, we suggest that CLC may have a ...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Action of Cholesterol-Loaded Cyclodextrin on Viability of Ram Semen

Silva

Almada

Lima

et al. 2019

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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“…TCG extenders contained 250 mM Tris [hydroxymethyl] aminomethane, 83 mM of citric acid anhydrous and 69 mM of D (+) glucose; 300 mOsm, pH =7 [23]. Capacitation medium (CM) and Non-capacitation medium (NCM) were prepared according to Salmon et al [24].…”

Section: Reagents and Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

5’-AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Regulates Goat Sperm Functions via Energy Metabolism In Vitro

Zhu

et al. 2018

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background/Aims: ATP is essential for mammalian sperm to survive and maintain fertilizing capacity. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a sensor of cellular energy status. The aims of the present study were to explore the localization of AMPK in goat sperm and to investigate whether and how AMPK regulates sperm functions in vitro. Methods: Sperm were treated with AMPK modulators (AICAR, metformin and Compound C) during incubation. Sperm motility was assessed with a computer-assisted spermatozoa analysis system (CASA). Membrane integrity, acrosome reaction and mitochondrial membrane potentials were detected by SYBR-14/PI, FITC-PNA and JC-1 staining, respectively. And the lactate content, ATP content, AMPK activity, activity of pyruvate kinase (PK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were also measured with the commercial assay kits. Immunofluorescence staining was used to analyze the distribution of PK, LDH, AMPK and phospho-Thr172-AMPK in sperm. The role of AMPK was further studied during induction of capacitation and acrosome reaction. Results: We found that AMPKα was localized in the entire acrosomal region, the midpiece and the flagellum, while the phospho-Thr172-AMPK was distributed in the head, the midpiece and flagellum. Activation of AMPK by AICAR and metformin significantly improved sperm motility, membrane integrity and acrosome reaction, largely maintained sperm mitochondrial membrane potentials, lactate content and ATP content, and enhanced the activity of AMPK, PK and LDH, whereas inhibition by Compound C triggered the converse effects. Moreover, PK was localized in the acrosomal area and the midpiece, while LDH was distributed in the tail. Induction of capacitation and acrosome reaction led to AMPK phosphorylation. AMPK phosphorylation regulated the activity of energetic enzymes. Conclusion: This study for the first time provides evidence that AMPK governs goat sperm functions through energy metabolism in vitro. This finding will help to improve assisted reproductive techniques in goats and the other species.

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“…The HPβCD·cholesterol complex allows cholesterol to be conveyed to the medium in a water-soluble manner and it brings the extra benefit of improving semen viability and mobility after thawing [103]. Cryopreservation of goat sperm with cyclodextrins can also be achieved following a similar strategy [104,105]. Excess amounts of the RAMEB·cholesterol complex are added to the dilution medium of the sperm prior to freezing, with the objective of letting these cells lose less membrane cholesterol during the cryopreservation process.…”

Section: Semen Cryopreservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclodextrins: Emerging Medicines of the New Millennium

2019

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Cyclodextrins, since their discovery in the late 19th century, were mainly regarded as excipients. Nevertheless, developments in cyclodextrin research have shown that some of these hosts can capture and include biomolecules, highlighting fatty acids and cholesterol, which implies that they are not inert and that their action may be used in specific medicinal purposes. The present review, centered on literature reports from the year 2000 until the present day, presents a comprehensive description of the known biological activities of cyclodextrins and their implications for medicinal applications. The paper is divided into two main sections, one devoted to the properties and applications of cyclodextrins as active pharmaceutical ingredients in a variety of pathologies, from infectious ailments to cardiovascular dysfunctions and metabolic diseases. The second section is dedicated to the use of cyclodextrins in a range of biomedical technologies.

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Effect of cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrins on bull and goat sperm processed with fast or slow cryopreservation protocols

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

Action of Cholesterol-Loaded Cyclodextrin on Viability of Ram Semen

Action of Cholesterol-Loaded Cyclodextrin on Viability of Ram Semen

5’-AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Regulates Goat Sperm Functions via Energy Metabolism In Vitro

Cyclodextrins: Emerging Medicines of the New Millennium

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