Effect of chloride ions on the electrochemical performance of LDX 2003 alloy in concrete and simulated concrete-pore solutions

Rosas, Omar; Maya-Visuet, Enrique; Castaneda, Homero

doi:10.1007/s10800-014-0668-0

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Large numbers of previous works have focused on this effect. 8,10,13,[19][20][21][22] Therefore, the CPCC measurement at different potentials is worthy of attention. The current density curves of AISI 304 samples measured at various anodic potentials in the borate buffer solution of 50 • C with an increased chloride concentration are presented in Fig.…”

Section: The Cpcc Measured At Various Applied Potentialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1988, Wang 3 studied the effects of Cl − concentration and temperature on the pitting behavior of AISI 304 stainless steel, revealing a linear relationship between pitting potential and log[Cl − ] over a temperature range of 20-200 • C. Most recent studies discussed the effect of chloride concentration on various stainless steels based on potentiodynamic polarization curves, including AISI 304, AISI 316L, LDX 2003, and DSS 2205. 8,10,13,[19][20][21][22] There is a wellknown relationship between E P and the chloride ion concentration ([Cl − ]):…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Critical Pitting Chloride Concentration of Various Stainless Steels Measured by an Electrochemical Method

Wu¹,

Sun²,

Liu³

et al. 2018

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Since chloride ion is one of the most dangerous accelerators for pitting, the chloride concentration allowed for stainless steels is always the concern of scientists and engineers. At present, a novel electrochemical method was designed to efficiently and precisely measure the critical pitting chloride concentration (CPCC) of various stainless steels in a buffered chloride solution. The current flowing from the working electrode was recorded at a constant potential in the buffered solution with an almost linearly increased chloride concentration. The given chloride concentration when the current density reached 10 μA cm −2 or 1000 μA cm −2 was defined as the CPCC of stainless steels. Abnormal corrosion morphologies were observed on the sample surface after the CPCC test and a pitting-induced crevice corrosion mechanism was introduced. The logarithm of the CPCC values showed an approximately linear relationship with both the temperature and the testing potential. The potentiodynamic polarization curves of AISI 304 samples in buffered solutions with various chloride concentrations at 50 • C also certified the reliability of CPCC results. Furthermore, the pitting resistance of AISI 304, AISI 201 and AISI 316L stainless steels ranked by the CPCC results agreed well with the data trend derived from traditional electrochemical methods.

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Section: The Cpcc Measured At Various Applied Potentialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

The Critical Pitting Chloride Concentration of Various Stainless Steels Measured by an Electrochemical Method

Wu¹,

Sun²,

Liu³

et al. 2018

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…Steel-reinforced concrete is a global material of choice for building structures and infrastructure, especially due to its relatively lower cost and the inherent protection of the reinforcing-steel embedment from environmental degradation within the concrete [1,2]. The reinforcing-steel (steel-rebar), in turn, improves the load-bearing strength properties of the concrete for the steel-reinforced concrete application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Phyllanthus muellerianus Leaf-Extract on Steel-Reinforcement Corrosion in 3.5% NaCl-Immersed Concrete

Okeniyi

Loto

Popoola

2016

Metals

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This paper investigates Phyllanthus muellerianus leaf-extract effects on steel-reinforcement corrosion in concrete immersed in 3.5% NaCl, simulating saline/marine environment. Different concentrations of the leaf-extract were admixed in steel-reinforced concrete samples, which were immersed, with normal control, in the test-environment, while positive control samples were immersed in distilled water. Electrochemical measurements of corrosion-rate (by linear-polarizationresistance instrument), corrosion-current (by zero-resistance-ammeter) and corrosion-potential (by high impedance multimeter) were obtained for assessing the reinforcing-steel corrosion. Analyzed results showed that the corrosion-rate exhibited excellent correlation (R = 98.82%, Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency = 97.66%, ANOVA p-value = 0.0006) with function of the admixture concentration and of the corrosion noise-resistance (ratio of corrosion-potential and corrosion-current standard deviations). The 0.3333% Phyllanthus muellerianus (per weight of cement) exhibited optimal efficiency, η = 97.58% ± 1.28% (experimental) or 95.33% ± 4.25% (predicted), at inhibiting concrete steel-reinforcement corrosion in the test-environment, which compares well with the positive control performance model, η = 97.96% ± 0.03%. The experimental and predicted models followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, which indicated physisorption as the Phyllanthus muellerianus leaf-extract adsorption mechanism on the reinforcing-steel. These support suitability of the N-, S-, and O-containing and π-electron rich Phyllanthus muellerianus leaf-extract as an environmentally-friendly inhibitor for effective corrosion-protection of steel-reinforcement in concrete designed for the saline/marine environment.

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“…When properly prepared and cast, it provides adequate protection to the steel that may be embedded in the concrete and last several years without showing any visible signs of deterioration. However, the corrosion of reinforcing steel occurs due to the destruction of the passivating film formed naturally on the surface.It is feasible for two main reasons: a sufficient amount of chlorides or other despassing ions (Rosas et al, 2014), or a decrease of alkalinity of the concrete when reacting with CO 2 present in the environment (Helene et al, 2009;Castro et al, 2000a;Papadakis et al, 1991a). Currently, deterioration of concrete by environmental factors is a major problem observed in buildings (Papadakis et al, 1991b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the concrete-steel interface exposed to the outdoor environment and immersed in natural seawater

Sosa

Pérez

Moo-Yam

et al. 2018

Revista de la Asociación Latinoamericana de Control de Calidad,

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The electrochemical behavior in reinforced concrete structures with and without sodium chloride (NaCl) in the mixing water in a marine / tropical environment was evaluated. The monitoring consisted of measuring the corrosion potential (Ecorr), the advance of carbonation front (xCO2) and a photographic record of the concrete / steel interface at different stages of the period of time of exposure. In the exposure to the weather, the addition of NaCl to the mixing water favored the advance of carbonation. The presence of chlorides was a determining factor at the beginning and development of the corrosion process in both exposures to the weather and immersion. Keywords: reinforced concrete; carbonation; corrosion potential; concrete-steel interface, chloride ion. Análisis de la interfaz concreto-acero de especímenes expuestos a la intemperie y sumergidos en agua de mar natural RESUMEN Se evaluó el comportamiento electroquímico en estructuras de concreto armado sin y con adición de cloruro de sodio (NaCl) en el agua de amasado en un ambiente marino/tropical. El monitoreo consistió en medir el potencial de corrosión (Ecorr), avance del frente de carbonatación (xCO2) y registro fotográfico de la interfase concreto/acero en diferentes etapas del periodo de exposición. En la exposición a la intemperie se observó que la adición de iones cloruro favoreció el avance de la carbonatación. La presencia de iones cloruro es determinante en el inicio y desarrollo del proceso de corrosión, tanto en exposición a la intemperie como en inmersión.

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Effect of chloride ions on the electrochemical performance of LDX 2003 alloy in concrete and simulated concrete-pore solutions

Cited by 12 publications

References 23 publications

The Critical Pitting Chloride Concentration of Various Stainless Steels Measured by an Electrochemical Method

The Critical Pitting Chloride Concentration of Various Stainless Steels Measured by an Electrochemical Method

Effects of Phyllanthus muellerianus Leaf-Extract on Steel-Reinforcement Corrosion in 3.5% NaCl-Immersed Concrete

Analysis of the concrete-steel interface exposed to the outdoor environment and immersed in natural seawater

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