Effect of chemically modified nanofibrillated cellulose addition on the properties of fiber-based materials

Missoum, Karim; Martoïa, F.; Belgacem, Mohamed Naceur; Bras, Julien

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.04.013

Cited by 81 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…It should be stressed here that the pellets measured were not entirely compacted, but still porous, as confirmed by the instantaneous wetting of the variant MFC 0.0 AKD. The hydrophobization effect demonstrated here is in good agreement with-or even surpasses the values of earlier studies (Jonoobi et al 2009;Missoum et al 2013). The highest value of 140°for MFC 4.0 AKD even attains almost superhydrophobic character, which begins at a water-contact angle of 150° (Sousa and Mano 2013).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Dry, hydrophobic microfibrillated cellulose powder obtained in a simple procedure using alkyl ketene dimer

et al. 2016

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In order to produce dry and hydrophobic microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) in a simple procedure, its modification with alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) was performed. For this purpose, MFC was solventexchanged to ethyl acetate and mixed with AKD dissolved in the same solvent. Curing at 130°C for 20 h under the catalysis of 1-methylimidazole yielded a dry powder. Scanning electron microscopy of the powder indicated loss in nanofibrillar structure due to aggregation, but discrete microfibrillar structures were still present. Water contact angle measurements of films produced from modified and unmodified MFC showed high hydrophobicity after AKD treatment, which persisted even after extraction with THF for 8 h. The hydrophobized MFC was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance and X-ray analysis. In summary, strong indications for the presence of AKD on the surface of MFC before and after extraction with solvent were found, but only a very small amount of covalent b-ketoester linkages between the modification agent and cellulose was revealed.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Dry, hydrophobic microfibrillated cellulose powder obtained in a simple procedure using alkyl ketene dimer

et al. 2016

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“…Nanofibra é um termo geral que classifica a celulose que possui pelo menos uma de suas dimensões em escala nanométrica [16] . Um dos tipos de nanofibra, a celulose nanofibrilada (NFC), também é chamada de celulose microfibrilada, microfibrila, nanofibras de celulose, celulose nanofibrilar ou microfibras, são agregados de fibras longas e flexíveis compostas de regiões amorfas e cristalinas com diâmetro de 10 a 100 nm e com comprimento de vários micrometros, possuem elevada área superficial e elevada razão de aspecto [16][17][18][19][20] . Este tipo de nanofibra é obtido, geralmente, por processo mecânico, sendo que outros processos auxiliares podem ser empregados, tais como processo enzimático, oxidação mediada por N-oxil-2,2,6,6-tetrametilpiperidina (TEMPO), carboximetilação ou acetilação [19,21] .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…O processo mecânico com o uso de moagem por fricção ultrafina é um método de uma única etapa e de alto rendimento, no entanto, possui alto consumo energético para sua operação e é realizado com suspensões aquosas celulósicas de 1% a 3% (m/m) [18,[22][23][24] . Um equipamento utilizado para obtenção de NFC é o moinho fibrilador de moagem ultrafina e seu funcionamento é baseado na passagem da suspensão celulósica entre pedras de moagem, enquanto que uma das pedras é estacionária, a outra é mantida a rotações entre 1500 e 3000 rpm e o material a ser moído é submetido a forças cisalhantes de corte que causam o rompimento da estrutura individualizando as fibras, obtendo NFC [17][18][19][20][21][22]25] . Para utilização da NFC em materiais poliméricos, como ela geralmente é processada como uma suspensão aquosa, é necessário realizar a secagem dessa fibra celulósica.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Obtenção de espumas flexíveis de poliuretano com celulose de Pinus elliottii

et al. 2017

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ResumoNeste trabalho foram desenvolvidas espumas flexíveis de poliuretano com a adição de celulose de Pinus nas concentrações de 0,5; 1 e 2% (m/m). A celulose foi submetida ao processo de fibrilação mecânica e posterior secagem por aspersão (spray dry) sendo caracterizada quanto a sua morfologia por MEV e MET. As espumas foram produzidas pelo método de batelada (one-shot) com a adição e mistura da fibra junto ao poliol. As espumas foram caracterizadas por MEV, densidade aparente e resistência à compressão. Os principais resultados indicam que a fibrilação mecânica promove a obtenção de fibras em escala nanométrica, porém durante a secagem, ocorre aglomeração ocasionando aumento para escala micrométrica. As propriedades mecânicas da espuma obtiveram acréscimos de 40 e 50% na resistência à compressão com a adição de 0,5 e 1% de celulose, respectivamente, evidenciando seu potencial como aditivo alternativo para o desenvolvimento de espumas de poliuretano. Palavras-chave: celulose, espuma, fibrilação, poliuretano, spray dry. AbstractIn this work, flexible polyurethane foams were developed with the addition of Pinus cellulose at concentrations of 0.5; 1 and 2 wt%. The cellulose was subjected to mechanical fibrillation process and subsequent dried by spray dry process. It was characterized morphologically by SEM and TEM. The foams were produced by one-shot method by adding and mixing the fiber with the polyol. The foams were characterized by SEM, apparent density and compression strength. The main results indicate that the mechanical fibrillation promotes the obtainment of nanoscale fibers, but during the drying process, agglomeration occurs causing an increase reaching the micrometer scale. The mechanical properties of the foam increased by 40 and 50% in compressive strength with the addition of 0.5% and 1% of cellulose, respectively, showing its potential as an alternative additive for the development of polyurethane foams.

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“…The results show that there was a significant effect of the AP treatment at different concentrations on the thermal stability of the extracted cellulose fibres. This weight loss was attributed to thermal depolymerization of hemicellulose lignin, pectin, and cleavage of the glycosidic linkages of cellulose (Missoum et al 2013). Fig.…”

Section: Thermogravimetric Analysis (Tga)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Alkaline Peroxide Pre-treatment on Microfibrillated Cellulose from Oil Palm Fronds Rachis Amenable for Pulp and Paper and Bio-composite Production

et al. 2016

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Effects of alkaline peroxide (AP) pre-treatment were investigated with respect to the extracted cellulose fibres from the vascular bundles of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) fronds (OPF) rachis at different AP concentrations. The extracted fibres were prepared through the mechanical fibrillation resulting from the AP pre-treatment concentrations of the rachis. The cellulose fibres obtained were characterized using microscopic (SEM), spectroscopic (FTIR), thermal (TGA-DTG), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The screen pulp yield was between 38.07% and 42.69%, which increased with the increase in the AP concentrations. The SEM showed a significant separation of the fibres after the AP pretreatment. FTIR spectroscopy and TGA showed significant dissolution of both lignin and hemicellulose molecules from the treated biomass at higher alkaline peroxide concentrations. The thermal stability of the extracted fibres ranged from 366 o C to 392 o C while the XRD results showed that the cellulose fibre extracted at H2O2/NaOH ratio of 2.5%: 2.0%,w/v AP concentrations gave the highest percentage crystallinity (35.7%). The handsheet made from the cellulose fibre showed that tensile, burst, and tear indexes increased with an increase in AP concentration. Duncan Multiple Range Test shows that mild alkaline peroxide pretreatment (medium concentrations) is best favoured for paper making pulp and bio-composite production.

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Effect of chemically modified nanofibrillated cellulose addition on the properties of fiber-based materials

Cited by 81 publications

References 22 publications

Dry, hydrophobic microfibrillated cellulose powder obtained in a simple procedure using alkyl ketene dimer

Dry, hydrophobic microfibrillated cellulose powder obtained in a simple procedure using alkyl ketene dimer

Obtenção de espumas flexíveis de poliuretano com celulose de Pinus elliottii

Effect of Alkaline Peroxide Pre-treatment on Microfibrillated Cellulose from Oil Palm Fronds Rachis Amenable for Pulp and Paper and Bio-composite Production

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