Effect of chemical crop protection on the content of some elements in grain of spelt wheat (Triticum aestivum ssp. Spelta)

Kraska, Piotr; Andruszczak, Sylwia; Kwiecińska-Poppe, Ewa; Palys, E

doi:10.5601/jelem.2013.18.1.06

Cited by 13 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…These factors may have varied effects depending on the crop plant species, the component evaluated, or the region in which the research was conducted (Lasztity 1999, Demirbas 2005, Škrbić and Onija 2007, Jablonskyte-Rasce et al 2013, Kraska et al 2013. For this reason, the results obtained in the present experiment sometimes diverge from those obtained by other researchers.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…This results from the fact that the use of mineral NPK fertilization is abandoned and also from the lack of use of crop protection chemicals (in particular herbicides and fungicides). In particular, the use of mineral N fertilization is the main yield-enhancing factor under conventional cereal cropping (Cassman 1999, Demirbas 2005, Seufert et al 2012, Kraska et al 2013. Some cereals -such as spelt wheat and proso millet-are genetically suited for lower habitat and fertilization requirements as well as extensive crop protection and they produce equally high yields under both organic and conventional farming (Tybulski and Żuk-Gołaszewska 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

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The content of dietary fiber, amino acids, dihydroxyphenols and some macro- and micronutrients in grain of conventionally and organically grown common wheat, spelt wheat and proso millet

Kwiatkowski

Haliniarz

Tomczyńska‐Mleko

et al. 2015

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The effects of conventional and organic farming system on some quality parameters of grains were studied in winter and spring common wheat, spelt wheat and proso millet. Under organic farming conditions, spelt wheat was characterized by the most favorable grain chemical composition (essential amino acids index [EAAI] 85.3, o-dihydroxyphenol 2.00 g kg , magnesium [Mg] 705, zinc [Zn] 32.9 mg kg -1 ), followed by millet (total dietary fiber [TDF] 185.3 g kg -1, Mg 904, copper [Cu] 6.27, iron [Fe] 57.0 mg kg -1 ). The above-mentioned cereals also showed a satisfactory yield level under the organic system (spelt wheat 2.69, proso millet 1.42 t ha -1). Both in winter and spring common wheat organic farming led a significant reduction in productivity, but the content of chemical components in grain (dihydroxyphenols-spring wheat 1.68 g kg -1, winter wheat 1.74 g kg ) was more favorable compared to the conventional system. The present study showed that the organic farming system does not result in reduced productivity neither in spelt wheat or proso millet, but contributes to an improvement in their grain quality parameters. On the other hand, common wheat performed better under the conventional system.Key words: cereals, grain chemical composition, conventional system, organic system Introduction Cereal crops provide raw material for the production of many food products and the grains of cereals are the main source of carbohydrates, proteins, dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals, phenolics, inulin, sterols, etc. (Duthie et al. 2000, Fan et al. 2008, Ciołek et al. 2012, Shahidi and Chandrasekara 2013. Protein in spelt grain shows very high digestibility, at a level of 80-85% and compared to common wheat spelt grain it has more gluten (by 8%) and oil (by 30%) (Ruibal-Mendieta et al. 2004, Tyburski andŻuk-Gołaszewska 2005). Proso millet grain contains: 1-3% of oil, 70-83% of starch, 10.8-12.5% of protein, 11.0-12.5 % of dietary fiber, and 2.8-3.2% of ash (Baltensperger et. al. 1997(Baltensperger et. al. , 2004. Spelt wheat or proso millet are known to have healthpromoting properties (Piironen et al. 2002). Spelt wheat contains phytosterols which depresses the blood cholesterol concentration and it also has a beneficial effect on the digestive system and stabilizes the nervous system functions (Piironen et al. 2002). Proso millet is recommended in gluten-free diet and for persons suffering from coeliac disease. In traditional Chinese medicine, tumors -even at an advanced stageare treated using a very strict and consistent diet consisting of 50% cereal grains (mainly millet grains), 30% vegetables and 20% (Acko 2012).Agricultural producers and consumers are more and more aware of the need both to produce and consume healthy foods free of chemicals and to take care of the environment in which we live. Attention is generally paid to the possibility of potential food contamination with residues of crop protection agents or nitrates. Thus, the demand for organic products is increasing. There is a view among consumers, which...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

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confidence: 99%

The content of dietary fiber, amino acids, dihydroxyphenols and some macro- and micronutrients in grain of conventionally and organically grown common wheat, spelt wheat and proso millet

Kwiatkowski

Haliniarz

Tomczyńska‐Mleko

et al. 2015

AFSci

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“…The nutritive value of spelt grain is high -the grain contains all necessary nutrients (Rachoń, Szumiło, 2009;Rachoń et al, 2015). Those authors found that, regardless of the micronutrients applied, the grain of spelt variety 'Schwabenkorn' contained more Cu, Mn and Fe compared to the finding of Kraska et al (2013). The research carried out by Gomez-Becerra et al (2010) and Kohajdová and Karovičová (2009) showed a higher content of Zn in spelt grain than in the current experiment (70 and 47 g kg -1 , respectively), while Fe concentration was lower (57-60 g kg -1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…The research carried out by Gomez-Becerra et al (2010) and Kohajdová and Karovičová (2009) showed a higher content of Zn in spelt grain than in the current experiment (70 and 47 g kg -1 , respectively), while Fe concentration was lower (57-60 g kg -1 ). Kraska et al (2013) observed a strong dependence of micronutrient content in grain on the variety. Among eight spelt varieties evaluated by them, the variety 'Schwabenkorn' was richest in iron.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Nutritive value of spelt (Triticum aestivum spp. spelta L.) as influenced by the foliar application of copper, zinc and manganese

Wojtkowiak

Stępień

2015

Zemdirbyste-Agriculture

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The research determined crop yield, content of mineral nutrients (Cu, Zn, Mn and Fe), protein and its composition in the grain of the spelt variety 'Schwabenkorn' as affected by the foliar application of micronutrients. A field experiment was carried out during 2011-2013 at the Research Station in Tomaszkowo (53°72 N, 20°42 E), Poland. Cu, Zn and Mn and microelements together (Cu + Zn + Mn) with mineral fertilisers were applied. Nitrogen (N) was applied to all the plots in a dose of 90 kg ha -1 , triple superphosphate in a dose corresponding to 30.2 kg ha -1 P, and potassium salt in a dose of 83.1 kg ha -1 K. Copper (1.0% solution of CuSO 4 × 5H 2 O), zinc (1.0% solution of ZnSO 4 × 7H 2 O) and manganese (0.5% solution of MnSO 4 × 5H 2 O) were foliar-applied as water solutions at the stem elongation stage. The mineral fertilisation, including micronutrients (individually or in combination), changed the contents of mineral nutrients, protein and the composition of its individual fractions in the grain. It was observed that the grain had high Cu, Mn and Fe content. The application of Mn, as well as micronutrients used in combination (Cu + Zn + Mn) as an addition to NPK fertilisation, increased the content of Fe, Zn and Mn in spelt grain. The application of Zn increased Fe and Zn content, while the application of Cu increased the content of Mn in grain. The total protein content in spelt ranged from 12.4% to 13.5%. Storage proteins proved to have the highest share in the total protein. Additional application of Cu, Zn and micronutrients in combination had a positive impact on the gliadins:glutenins ratio. Foliar application of Mn increased the content of ω, α/β, γ gliadins, and reduced that of low molecular weight glutenins. Foliar spraying with Cu reduced the content of α/β and ω gliadins. Supply of Zn decreased α/β content and increased the content of the high molecular weight glutenins fractions. The application of the micronutrients in combination reduced the content gliadin γ and increased the content of high molecular weight and low molecular weight glutenins. The cultivation year was a significantly differentiating factor for the grain yield, mineral nutrient content (Fe, Zn and Mn) and the content and composition of protein fractions (with the exception of high molecular weight glutenins).

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“…Compared to common wheat, it contains more protein, gluten and fat, but less fibre. Moreover, it contains substances with the antioxidant properties (Kohajdová, Karovičová, 2008;Gawlik-Dziki et al, 2012;Jablonskytė-Raščė et al, 2013;Kraska et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reaction of winter spelt cultivars to reduced tillage system and chemical plant protection

Andruszczak

2017

Zemdirbyste-Agriculture

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A three-factor field experiment evaluated grain yield, yield components and some grain quality traits (Zeleny sedimentation value and the contents of protein, gluten, starch, carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin and amino acids) of eight winter spelt cultivars as influenced by the tillage system (conventional and reduced tillage) and chemical plant protection (application of two herbicides: Mustang 306 SE and Attribut 70 WG, a fungicide Alert 375 SC and a growth regulator Stabilan 750 SL). Plots without the use of plant protection chemicals were the control treatment.Yield and chemical composition of spelt grain were most dependent on the genetic determinants of the individual cultivar, but it is possible to affect yield quantity and quality through agronomic factors. The highest grain yields were produced by the cultivars 'Badengold', 'Ceralio', 'Frankenkorn' and 'Ostro', while in terms of grain quality the most valuable were cvs. 'Ceralio' and 'Ostro'. Under the conditions of reduced tillage system, the spelt grain yields were significantly lower than under the conventional tillage, but the evaluated cultivars responded differently to this factor. The highest reduction in yield compared to conventional soil tillage was found for the cvs. 'Oberkulmer Rotkorn', 'Spelt I.N.Z.' and 'Schwabenkorn', while the lowest one for cv. 'Ceralio'. On the other hand, the ploughless tillage contributed to a significant increase in Zeleny sedimentation value as well as in grain protein and gluten content, whereas the starch content decreased. At the same time, the grain amino acid content was at a similar level under both tillage systems. Chemical plant protection significantly increased the Zeleny sedimentation value and the grain protein content. The number of ears per 1 m 2 and grain yields also increased and the highest yield increase compared to the treatment without chemical plant protection products was achieved by the cvs. 'Schwabenkorn', 'Spelt I.N.Z.' and 'Frankenkorn'.

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Effect of chemical crop protection on the content of some elements in grain of spelt wheat (Triticum aestivum ssp. Spelta)

Cited by 13 publications

References 4 publications

The content of dietary fiber, amino acids, dihydroxyphenols and some macro- and micronutrients in grain of conventionally and organically grown common wheat, spelt wheat and proso millet

The content of dietary fiber, amino acids, dihydroxyphenols and some macro- and micronutrients in grain of conventionally and organically grown common wheat, spelt wheat and proso millet

Nutritive value of spelt (Triticum aestivum spp. spelta L.) as influenced by the foliar application of copper, zinc and manganese

Reaction of winter spelt cultivars to reduced tillage system and chemical plant protection

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