Effect of certain hydrocarbon oils on respiration of foliage and dormant twigs of the apple / by Victor W. Kelley.

Kelley, Victor W.

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.16667

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The concentration of water vapor may be important. KELLEY (4) states that a high humidity favors oil damage, while on the other hand YOUNG (10) finds that in field work the greatest damage from oil occurs when trees are suffering from drought. In the method used, the leaves were in a saturated atmosphere and seemed to go through the ten-hour tests without any apparent injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Petroleum Oils on the Respiration of Bean Leaves

Green¹,

Johnson²

1931

Plant Physiol.

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The injurious effect of petroleum oils on fruit trees is a serious objection to their use as insecticides. The damage appears in a great variety of ways (10). Trees sprayed in dormant stage show injury during the following spring as a wrinkling or withering of the bark and retardation of leaf formation. The damage to sprayed leaves generally appears as oil soaked spots or a more acute drying or burning of the leaf.The exact physiological actions accompanying injury from oil are not well known. The problem appears to be divided into two major possibilities; plugging of stomata and poisoning of cells. In either case respiration should be affected. It has been the purpose of this work to determine the change in rate of respiration of plants which have been sprayed with oil.Mechanical injury has been shown by RICHARDS (9) and others (3) to increase the rate of respiration. Toxic and anesthetic materials at certain concentrations are also expected to increase the respiration of plants (2,8).KNIGHT, CHAMBERLIN and SAMUELS (6) have determined the effect of a viscous, highly refined oil in the rate of respiration of citrus trees. Their results show that respiration is greatly increased and remains abnormally high for a long period of time after treatment with this type of oil.Believing that respiration is generally increased when a plant is injured, an attempt has been made in this study to show the injurious effect on the respiration of bean leaves by the different types of oil used as sprays.Methods PLANTS Dandelion and potato leaves were first used, but later bean leaves were found to give more uniform results. Three-to six-gram samples of bean leaves were taken and the stems placed in water as soon as they were cut. Four samples were used for checks and four were sprayed with oil. SPRAYING

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Petroleum Oils on the Respiration of Bean Leaves

Green¹,

Johnson²

1931

Plant Physiol.

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“…KELLY (10) has indicated that the spray emulsion enters the leaf of the apple. There is no indication that this is true with citrus leaves.…”

Section: Penetration Of Spray Emulsion As Such Into Leaf and Stemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Penetration and Accumulation of Petroleum Spray Oils in the Leaves, Twigs, and Fruit of Citrus Trees

Rohrbaugh

1934

Plant Physiol.

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“…Photosynthesis was appreciably depressed by oil application only when the undersides of leaves were treated. Grape leaves are hy-postomatous (Mullins et al, 1992), and it has been shown repeatedly that application of oils to leaf surfaces with stomata leads to greater leaf penetration as well as more visible injury (Dallyn, 1953;Kelley, 1930a;Rohrbaugh, 1934) and greater depression of transpiration (Kelley, 1930b) and photosynthesis (Dallyn, 1953;Kelley, 1930a;Rohrbaugh, 1934) than application to surfaces without stomata. Several authors have shown that oils of viscosities similar to JMS Stylet-Oil can also slowly penetrate through intact cuticles without stomatal openings (Ginsburg, 1931;Knight et al, 1929;Külps and Hein, 1972), but if penetration through the upper surface took place in our grape leaves, it was not enough to affect photosynthesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting Reductions in Photosynthesis Caused by Applying Horticultural Oil to Grapevine Leaves

Baudoin¹,

McDonald²,

Wolf³

2006

HortSci

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Phytotoxicity of horticultural oil, applied shortly before antifungal sulfur, was evaluated for 23 grape cultivars. Oil application significantly reduced accumulation of soluble solids in berries of 9 of 23 cultivars, but there was no relationship with visible foliar injury. Treatment of leaves of Vitis labrusca `Catawba' with 1.5% JMS Stylet-Oil reduced leaf net photosynthesis (Pn) by 50% to 60% and of Vitis vinifera `Chardonnay' by 20% to 30% 1 day after application. Pn was reduced only when the lower (abaxial) leaf surface was treated; treatment of only the adaxial leaf surface had little effect. The Pn depression in `Catawba' persisted 3 to 4 weeks, whereas reductions in `Chardonnay' persisted less than 2 weeks. The Pn-depressing effect of oil was not significantly ameliorated by real or simulated rainfall, and washing the lower leaf surfaces with water and detergent also had only limited effect. There was no significant difference in Pn depression from oil applications made in the middle of the day (stomata open) compared to application in the evening (stomata closed), or from oil applied at higher versus lower application pressure. The greater sensitivity of `Catawba' than `Chardonnay' to Pn depression by oil may be related to the amount of oil retained by the leaves; the pubescent lower leaf surfaces of `Catawba' retained more than twice as much spray emulsion as did the more glabrous leaves of `Chardonnay'. Visible injury was mild in both cultivars, with small water-soaked lesions developing more commonly on `Chardonnay' than on `Catawba' leaves. Spray oil retention data for additional cultivars suggested that differences in retention can explain a portion of the differences in horticultural oil phytotoxicity.

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Effect of certain hydrocarbon oils on respiration of foliage and dormant twigs of the apple / by Victor W. Kelley.

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

Effect of Petroleum Oils on the Respiration of Bean Leaves

Effect of Petroleum Oils on the Respiration of Bean Leaves

Penetration and Accumulation of Petroleum Spray Oils in the Leaves, Twigs, and Fruit of Citrus Trees

Factors Affecting Reductions in Photosynthesis Caused by Applying Horticultural Oil to Grapevine Leaves

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