Effect of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Additive Blended in Palm Oil Biodiesel as Alternative Fuel Used in Diesel Engine

Abstract

In the present study, the effects of adding of cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticle additive as a fuel additive to a palm oil biodiesel-diesel fuel blend on engine performance, and exhaust emissions were studied in a single cylinder four stroke diesel engine under different torque conditions. The test fuels used were fossil diesel fuels, B20 blend biodiesel (as 20% biodiesel and 80% diesel) with cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticle additive (30ppm, 60ppm, 90ppm and 120ppm). The experimental results demonstrated that B20 blend biodiesel at 90ppm of CeO2 nanoparticles additive found significant reduction emissions nitrogen oxide (NOX), carbon dioxide (CO), unburnt hydrocarbons (UBHC) and smoke. However, brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) is decreased with significant from increased brake thermal efficiency (BTE) by doping of CeO2 from 30ppm to 90ppm. B20 biodiesel blend with 90ppm of CeO2 nanoparticles additive as optimum blend out of the test blends.

Facile Synthesis of Stable Cerium Dioxide Sols in Nonpolar Solvents

“…Taking into account the high catalytic activity of nanocrystalline CeO 2 [ 32 ], non-aqueous colloid solutions of CeO 2 are of particular interest for the production of diesel fuel additives. The purpose of such additives is to both reduce environmental pollution by inhibiting the emission of aerosols of ultrafine particulate matter in internal combustion engines (PM10) and increase fuel economy by reducing ignition delay and high flame sustenance [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ]. A corresponding analysis has also been carried out for coarse-grained CeO 2 , but it is difficult to achieve a uniform distribution over the fuel volume for this material, due to the rapid sedimentation of ceria particles [ 36 , 38 ].…”

“…The purpose of such additives is to both reduce environmental pollution by inhibiting the emission of aerosols of ultrafine particulate matter in internal combustion engines (PM10) and increase fuel economy by reducing ignition delay and high flame sustenance [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ]. A corresponding analysis has also been carried out for coarse-grained CeO 2 , but it is difficult to achieve a uniform distribution over the fuel volume for this material, due to the rapid sedimentation of ceria particles [ 36 , 38 ]. Based on cerium dioxide with a particle size of 7–15 nm, a commercially available catalyst for the afterburning of motor fuels, Envirox TM (Oxonica, Aylesbury, UK), has been created [ 33 , 39 , 40 , 41 ], which has both high functional characteristics and rather low cytotoxicity and mutagenicity [ 42 ].…”