Effect of cerium on the as-cast microstructure of a hypereutectic high chromium cast iron

Qu, Yu; Xing, Jiandong; Xing, Zhi; Peng, Jiyun; Fu, Hanguang

doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2008.01.129

Cited by 73 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…[29], the ∆G of Ce2O2S at the temperature of 1500 °C is −576,367 J/mol, which indicates that Ce2O2S can be formed at the temperature of 1500 °C , and can exist in the melt when REM is added.…”

Section: Interfacementioning

confidence: 97%

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Effects of Rare Earth on the Microstructure and Impact Toughness of H13 Steel

Gao

Liu

et al. 2015

Metals

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Studies of H13 steel suggest that under appropriate conditions, additions of rare-earth metals (REM) can significantly enhance mechanical properties, such as impact toughness. This improvement is apparently due to the formation of finer and more dispersive RE inclusions and grain refinement after REM additions. In this present work, the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of H13 steel with rare earth additions (0, 0.015, 0.025 and 0.1 wt.%) were investigated. The grain size, inclusions and fracture morphology were systematically studied by means of optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicate that REM addition of 0.015 wt.% can result in good improvement of performance compared to the REM additions of 0.025 wt.% and 0.1 wt.%. It is found that the impact toughness is significantly enhanced with the addition of 0.015% REM, which can be improved 90% from 10 J to 19 J. Such an addition of REM can result in a huge volume fraction of finer and more dispersive inclusions which are extremely good to toughness.

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Section: Interfacementioning

confidence: 97%

“…It has been reported that REM addition can refine the grain refinement because the RE oxide inclusions can act as the heterogeneous nuclei. These inclusions must have two conditions to become effective heterogeneous nuclei [27][28][29].…”

Section: The Analysis Of Grain Refinementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Rare Earth on the Microstructure and Impact Toughness of H13 Steel

Gao

Liu

et al. 2015

Metals

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“…In stainless steels it is used as a precipitation hardening agent. Another use of Ce is as a carbide refiner in high chromium cast irons (HCCI) in which additions of Ce of up to 1.5 wt% were shown to refine the carbides in a HCCI containing 4.0 wt% C and 20.0 wt% Cr and caused the primary M 7 C 3 carbides to become spheroidised [3]. The Ce was found to form as oxysulphide (Ce 2 O 2 S) inclusions which acted as heterogeneous nuclei for the M 7 C 3 carbides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties of cerium and a cerium–5wt% lanthanum alloy by nanoindentation and ultrasonic velocity measurements

Wheeler

Zekonyte

Wood

2013

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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“…It has been reported that rapid cooling, lower superheat,3 and semi‐solid processing5 of high‐chromium high‐carbon steels can hinder the carbide growth and result in the refinement of the microstructure. Moreover, effect of alloying elements such as titanium, niobium, and vanadium has been studied on the refinement of microstructure and wear properties of high‐carbon high‐chromium steels and cast irons 3, 5, 6, 12–16. Titanium is a strong carbide forming element in the form of TiC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Titanium Addition on As Cast Structure and Macrosegregation of High‐Carbon High‐Chromium Steel

Razavinejad

Firoozi

Mirbagheri

2012

steel research int.

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In casting heavy ingots of high-chromium high-carbon cold work steels, macrosegregation develops in the center of the ingot, causing difficulties during subsequent hot working. Heat transfer and solidification of an industrial scale high-carbon high-chromium steel ingot was simulated and thereafter a laboratory scale representative ingot was designed to model the solidification of the industrial scale ingot. Titanium in the range of 0.3-1% was added to the high-chromium high-carbon (12%Cr-2%C) steel during melting process. Microstructures, macrosegregation and phase formations were studied using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, wave dispersive X-ray spectrometry, optical emission spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Addition of 0.3% titanium was sufficient to diminish the macrosegregation; however it did not have a significant effect on the grain size. Addition of 0.7 and 1% titanium had a substantial effect on grain size in the longitudinal direction and refined the primary carbides structure. The formation of small TiC carbides that precipitated before solidification of liquid iron acted as nuclei for primary pro-eutectic austenite grains.

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Effect of cerium on the as-cast microstructure of a hypereutectic high chromium cast iron

Cited by 73 publications

References 10 publications

Effects of Rare Earth on the Microstructure and Impact Toughness of H13 Steel

Effects of Rare Earth on the Microstructure and Impact Toughness of H13 Steel

Mechanical properties of cerium and a cerium–5wt% lanthanum alloy by nanoindentation and ultrasonic velocity measurements

Effect of Titanium Addition on As Cast Structure and Macrosegregation of High‐Carbon High‐Chromium Steel

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