Effect of Carbon Black on the J-Integral and Strain Energy in the Crack Tip Region in a Vulcanized Natural Rubber

Liu, H.; Lee, R. F.; Donovan, James

doi:10.5254/1.3536163

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…If the crack resistance of CB filled elastomer is often reported, whether the elastomer is NR27 or synthetic rubber,28 in contrast, to the author's knowkledge, very few studies have been reported on the impact of the addition of nanoscopic silica in the crack resistance of NR or synthetic rubber. Such filler has a different surface than CB, and therefore develops different interactions with the polymer matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the filler type on the rupture behavior of filled elastomers

Gherib

Chazeau

Pelletier

et al. 2010

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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This work is devoted to the rupture behavior of elastomers filled with carbon black (CB) or silica. Two elastomers have been studied: one which crystallizes under strain, natural rubber (NR), and another one which does not crystallize, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR). The study of the crack propagation of Single Edge Notched specimen (SENT) during stretching at different speeds focuses on the crack initiation and crack deviation phenomenon. This deviation is of main importance in the materials crack resistance as it leads to a large increase in the energy needed for rupture. The deviation in filled or unfilled NR is controlled by crystallization, which is a slow process. In unfilled SBR, deviation is controlled by polymer chain orientation, which is hindered by relaxation mechanisms. The introduction of fillers promotes strain amplification, and strain anisotropy in the crack tip region of the notched samples, and therefore crack deviation. In term of energy density at break of the SBR composites, the SBR filled with silica treated with a covering agent is the most efficient. Thus, a weak interface between the silica and SBR promotes better rupture properties. When comparing Silica and CB filled NR, the highest strain energy to rupture is also obtained with silica. This might be due to the weaker filler-matrix interface for silica. Thus, these results evidence the kinetic aspect of the rupture, and of the mechanisms it involves: the polymer relaxation, the crystallization (for NR), and the filler-matrix interaction and decohesion, all of them being strongly interrelated.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the filler type on the rupture behavior of filled elastomers

Gherib

Chazeau

Pelletier

et al. 2010

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Fatigue resistance of silica‐filled natural rubber vulcanizates: comparative study of the effect of phosphorylated cardanol prepolymer and a silane coupling agent

Menon

Pillai

Jin

et al. 2005

Polymer International

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The fatigue resistance of silica‐filled natural rubber (NR) mixes modified with phosphorylated cardanol prepolymer (PCP) was studied in comparison with similar compositions without PCP and with those containing the same dosage of a silane coupling agent (Si‐69). Considerable improvement in the fatigue resistance was observed for the PCP‐modified NR vulcanizate containing 20 phr of silica compared with the unmodified and Si‐69 modified vulcanizates. In addition, the tear strength of the PCP‐modified NR vulcanizate was higher than that of the others. Atomic force microscopy and the scanning electron microscopy of the vulcanizates showed better dispersion of silica particles in the NR matrix in the presence of PCP than in the unmodified and Si‐69‐modified NR vulcanizates. It is assumed that, at a dosage of 5 phr, PCP functions as a coupling agent between NR and the silica particles thereby improving the filler dispersion and consequently the mechanical properties of the vulcanizate. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry

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Effect of Fillers on the Properties of Vulcanizates

Wang,

Morris

2021

Rubber Reinforcement With Particulate Fillers

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Effect of Carbon Black on the J-Integral and Strain Energy in the Crack Tip Region in a Vulcanized Natural Rubber

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Influence of the filler type on the rupture behavior of filled elastomers

Influence of the filler type on the rupture behavior of filled elastomers

Fatigue resistance of silica‐filled natural rubber vulcanizates: comparative study of the effect of phosphorylated cardanol prepolymer and a silane coupling agent

Effect of Fillers on the Properties of Vulcanizates

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