Effect of caffeine and adenosine on G2 repair: mitotic delay and chromosome damage

González‐Fernández, Á.; Hernández, Pablo; López-Sáez, J. F.

doi:10.1016/0027-5107(85)90034-x

Cited by 47 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The results of the mitosis show that the proportion of the cells in metaphases, anaphases and telophases taken together steadily decreased from 11.36 at 2.5% of effluent to as low as 7.710 at 10% concentration. This is due to the arrest in the cell cycle before metaphase to restore the integrity of DNA [22]. The chromosomal aberrations were observed in all the concentrations except control.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Genotoxic effect of distillery effluent on root tip cells of Allium sativum L.

2015

J App Biol Biotech

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In the current study an attempt has been made to evaluate the cytotoxic efficacy of distillery effluent on somatic cells of Allium sativum. The garlic bulbs were treated with different concentrations of effluent viz. 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10% at room temperature. The percentage mitotic index was found to be decreased significantly as the concentration of the effluent increased, except in 2.5% concentration, where the mitotic index is higher than control. The chromosomal abnormalities were found to be increased as the effluent concentration increased when compared to control. The observed chromosomal aberrations were laggards, fragmented chromosome, fragmented anaphase and metaphase, chromosomal bridges, micronuclei, lobed nucleus, scattered chromosome, disoriented anaphase, Polyploidy cells. According to present findings 2.5% concentration of the effluent was found to enhance the rate of cell division when compare to control on the contrary higher of the effluent showed negative effects on mitotic division in somatic cells of Garlic.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Genotoxic effect of distillery effluent on root tip cells of Allium sativum L.

2015

J App Biol Biotech

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“…This could be probably due to the arrest in the cell cycle before metaphase to restore the integrity of DNA. It has been proposed in previous works that damaged DNA increase the time they stay at G 2 and prophase, as a consequence of the working of checkpoints for unrepaired DNA, where post replication repair takes place (Gonzalez-Fernandez and Lopez-Saez 1985). ANOVA test showed that the number of micronuclei in the interphase cells was not significant and there were few chromosomebreaks recorded in metaphases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Evaluation of genotoxicity of coal fly ash in Allium cepa root cells by combining comet assay with the Allium test

Chakraborty

Mukherjee²,

Mukherjee

2008

Environ Monit Assess

102

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Fly ash is a by-product of coal-fired electricity generation plants. Its utilization and disposal is of utmost importance. Using onion (Allium cepa) root tip system, the present study was carried out to evaluate the potential toxic and genotoxic effects of fly ash, collected from a thermal power plant in West Bengal, India. Prior to testing, the collected fly ash sample was mixed with sand in different proportions. Allium bulbs were allowed to germinate directly in fly ash and after five days the germinating roots were processed for the Allium test. Additionally, the Allium test was adapted for detecting DNA damage through comet assay. The results from the Allium test indicate that fly ash at 100% concentration inhibits root growth and mitotic indices; induces binucleated cells as a function of the proportion, but is not toxic at very low concentration. In the comet assay, a statistical increase for DNA strand breaks was found only at higher concentrations. The sample was analyzed by flame atomic absorption spectrometer for Zn, Pb, Cu, Ni, Cd and As, whose presence could partly be responsible for the toxicity of fly ash. The study concludes that the classical Allium test can give a more comprehensive data when done in combination with the comet assay, which is faster, simpler and independent of mitosis. Also when fly ash is used for other purposes in combination with soils, it should be judiciously used at very low concentrations in order to protect the ecosystem health from any potential adverse effects.

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“…Caffeine is a drug that inhibits checkpoint function in animal cells (Schlegel and Pardee, 1986;Andreassen and Margolis, 1992;Moser et al, 2000), such as the replication checkpoint during S phase (Schlegel and Pardee, 1986) and the DNA damage checkpoint in G2 phase (Blasina et al, 1999). In plants, caffeine is able to override the G2 DNA damage checkpoint (Hartley-Asp et al, 1980;González-Fernández et al, 1985) but it is unable to cancel replication checkpoints in S phase (Amino and Nagata, 1996;Pelayo et al, 2001). Okadaic acid, a protein phosphatase 2A inhibitor, induces premature mitosis in animal cells in a similar way to caffeine (Ghosh et al, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A plant cyclin B2 is degraded early in mitosis and its ectopic expression shortens G2-phase and alleviates the DNA-damage checkpoint

Weingartner

Pelayo

Binarová

et al. 2003

Journal of Cell Science

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Mitotic progression is timely regulated by the accumulation and degradation of A- and B-type cyclins. In plants, there are three classes of A-, and two classes of B-type cyclins, but their specific roles are not known. We have generated transgenic tobacco plants in which the ectopic expression of a plant cyclin B2 gene is under the control of a tetracycline-inducible promoter. We show that the induction of cyclin B2 expression in cultured cells during G2 phase accelerates the entry into mitosis and allows cells to override the replication checkpoint induced by hydroxyurea in the simultaneous presence of caffeine or okadaic acid, drugs that are known to alleviate checkpoint control. These results indicate that in plants, a B2-type cyclin is a rate-limiting regulator for the entry into mitosis and a cyclin B2-CDK complex might be a target for checkpoint control pathways. The cyclin B2 localization and the timing of its degradation during mitosis corroborate these conclusions: cyclin B2 protein is confined to the nucleus and during mitosis it is only present during a short time window until mid prophase, but it is effectively degraded from this timepoint onwards. Although cyclin B2 is not present in cells arrested by the spindle checkpoint in metaphase, cyclin B1 is accumulating in these cells. Ectopic expression of cyclin B2 in developing plants interferes with differentiation events and specifically blocks root regeneration, indicating the importance of control mechanisms at the G2- to M-phase transition during plant developmental processes.

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Effect of caffeine and adenosine on G2 repair: mitotic delay and chromosome damage

Cited by 47 publications

References 37 publications

Genotoxic effect of distillery effluent on root tip cells of Allium sativum L.

Genotoxic effect of distillery effluent on root tip cells of Allium sativum L.

Evaluation of genotoxicity of coal fly ash in Allium cepa root cells by combining comet assay with the Allium test

A plant cyclin B2 is degraded early in mitosis and its ectopic expression shortens G2-phase and alleviates the DNA-damage checkpoint

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