Effect of brief exercise on urges to smoke in men and women smokers

Allen, Alicia M.; Abdelwahab, Nermine; Carlson, Samantha; Bosch, Tyler A.; Eberly, Lynn E.; Okuyemi, Kola

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.09.009

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…After an initial eligibility conducted by phone, participants attended a screening visit at the research clinic where they gave informed consent followed by vital sign measurements, medical history, smoking history, and a medical exam which included an electrocardiogram and the VO2 peak exercise test performed on a cycle ergometer (Bittoun, 2008;Noakes, 2008;Allen et al, 2018). The study nurse practitioner and principal investigator then verified the final eligibility.…”

Section: Study Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exercise is another factor that is known to affect smoking-related outcomes; however, literature around exercise and smoking behavior offers mixed results. Several studies have shown that acute bouts of aerobic exercise are associated with a significant reduction in cigarette cravings, withdrawal symptoms, and a desire to smoke (Daniel, Cropley, & Fife-Schaw, 2006;Daniel, Cropley, Ussher, & West, 2004;Ussher et al, 2001;Allen et al, 2018). Indeed, a recent meta-analysis of 15 studies concluded that exercise reduces cigarette cravings; however the effect of exercise intensity and mechanisms of action are unknown (Roberts et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sleep quality in cigarette smokers: Associations with smoking-related outcomes and exercise

Purani

Friedrichsen

Allen

2019

Addictive Behaviors

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Introduction: Compared to the general population, cigarette smokers report poorer sleep quality. Poor sleep quality in cigarette smokers is associated with greater nicotine dependence. While exercise is known to improve sleep quality in the general population, less is known about how exercise effects sleep in those who smoke. The goal of this study was to explore the relationships between exercise, sleep, and smoking in cigarette smokers. Methods: Data on sleep quality (Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)), smoking-related outcomes (e.g., cigarettes/day, Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence, Minnesota Nicotine and Withdrawal Scale, and Questionnaire of Smoking Urges) and exercise (Fitbit activity measures) were collected for 32 participants (63% female, mean age 30.3 ± 1.0 years) participating in a 12-week clinical research study. Analyses included simple linear regression models. Results: Overall, participants reported poor sleep quality at baseline (PSQI>5). Poorer sleep quality at baseline was associated with increased withdrawal (β=1.63±0.53, p=0.0043), craving (β=0.51±0.43, p=0.2471), and total smoking urges (β=1.10±0.41, p=0.0118). During follow-up (i.e., from baseline to week 12), a daily increase in exercise was associated with improved sleep quality over the same time period (PSQI: β=-0.82± 0.35, p=0.0379). Conclusion: Our data suggest that better sleep quality may be associated with lower levels of withdrawal, craving, and smoking urges. Further, exercise may be associated with better sleep quality in cigarette smokers. Future work should explore how increasing exercise and improving sleep quality could inform future smoking cessation interventions.

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Section: Study Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep quality in cigarette smokers: Associations with smoking-related outcomes and exercise

Purani

Friedrichsen

Allen

2019

Addictive Behaviors

Self Cite

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“…This is surprising considering that sex differences are recognized both for withdrawal symptoms in individuals with substance use disorder (e.g., 61–62), and for effects of exercise on negative affect in general populations of women and men (63–64). Of the few recent studies that have considered sex differences (12–13,17), and only one study reported sex-specific analyses (13). This study was conducted in temporarily abstinent smokers, and showed that in women, but not men, acute exercise decreased anticipated relief from negative affect; whereas, in men, but not women, it decreased intention to smoke (13).…”

Section: Sex Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the few recent studies that have considered sex differences (12–13,17), and only one study reported sex-specific analyses (13). This study was conducted in temporarily abstinent smokers, and showed that in women, but not men, acute exercise decreased anticipated relief from negative affect; whereas, in men, but not women, it decreased intention to smoke (13). While these results demonstrate that exercise decreases withdrawal symptoms in both men and women, they suggest that effects on certain withdrawal symptoms differ between men and women.…”

Section: Sex Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise as a Sex-Specific Treatment for Substance Use Disorder

et al. 2017

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Purpose of Review Exercise is a promising treatment for substance use disorder that may reduce withdrawal symptoms and prevent relapse. In this review, we discuss recent evidence from clinical and preclinical studies for its efficacy, from a behavioral to a molecular level, in order to understand the exercise conditions that lead to beneficial effects. We also highlight the few recent findings of sex-specific differences. Recent Findings Clinical and preclinical findings show that exercise decreases withdrawal symptoms, including craving, in both males and females. Evidence from clinical studies support the efficacy of exercise to prevent relapse to smoking, although further research is needed to examine sex differences, establish long-term efficacy, and to determine if effects extend to other substance use disorders. Preclinical findings also support the potential utility of exercise to prevent relapse with evidence suggesting that its efficacy is enhanced in males, and mediated by blocking drug-induced adaptations that occur during early abstinence. Summary Sex differences and timing of exercise availability during abstinence should be considered in future studies examining exercise as an intervention for relapse. A better understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the efficacy of exercise to reduce withdrawal symptoms and prevent relapse is needed to guide its development as a sex-specific treatment.

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“…94 Physical exercises aimed at the leg musculature also help reduce postthrombotic syndrome and venous ulceration. 95,96…”

Section: Exercise and Dvtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise and Cardiovascular Disease

Agarwal¹

2021

JPMHH

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Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of global mortality. Besides imparting a tremendous amount of human suffering, they also inflict huge direct and indirect financial costs on the worldwide society. With the ready availability of affordable therapeutics, and the lack of newer innovations, non-invasive strategies are being developed to halt their worldwide spread. The major emphasis has been on implementing lifestyle changes. Physical exercise is one such prescription. This manuscript briefly discusses the benefits of exercise in the prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases.

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Effect of brief exercise on urges to smoke in men and women smokers

Abstract: An acute bout of exercise reduced smoking urges in both men and women smokers during an acute state of abstinence. Additional research is needed to replicate these observations in a larger, more diverse sample, and to explore the implication of these observations on cessation.

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

Sleep quality in cigarette smokers: Associations with smoking-related outcomes and exercise

Sleep quality in cigarette smokers: Associations with smoking-related outcomes and exercise

Exercise as a Sex-Specific Treatment for Substance Use Disorder

Exercise and Cardiovascular Disease

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