Effect of Bleeding on &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; Colony-Forming Hemopoietic Cells

Pannacciulli, I; Massa, G; Saviane, A; Ghio, Riccardo; Bianchi, Giovanna; Bogliolo, G

doi:10.1159/000207802

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…5) presumably reflects a combination of several mechanisms. Splenectomy causes a loss of erythrocytes stored in the spleen and, in mice at least, a loss of active hemopoietic capacity (Brodsky et al, 1966;Pannacciuli et al, 1977). In addition, the capacity for removal of micronucleated erythrocytes by the reticuloendothelial system is probably temporarily reduced after splenectomy, since the spleen is known to selectively remove micronucleated red blood cells or micronuclei in some species (Crosby, 1959;Schalm, 1965).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our data demonstrate that bleeding and phenylhydrazine-induced hemolysis generate an increase in micronucleated cells among the peripheral polychromatic and normochromatic erythrocytes of mice. In additon, it is shown that removal of the spleen, which is an active hemopoietic organ in mice (Brodsky et al, 1966;Pannacciuli et al, 1977), also causes a pronounced increase in micronucleated red blood cells in peripheral blood. Moreover, comparison of the micronucleus-inducing effect of cyclophosphamide in normal and splenectomized mice revealed no significant difference with regard to kinetics of formation and removal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of nongenotoxic and genotoxic factors modulating the frequency of micronucleated erythrocytes in the peripheral blood of mice

1985

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The hematological micronucleus test is regarded as an indicator of the clastogenic effect of chemicals and acute cytogenetic damage. The test can be carried out in red blood cells of the bone marrow and of the spleen, as well as in peripheral erythrocytes. We have determined the precise background values of micronucleated red blood cells for the peripheral blood of BALB/c, DBA/2, and NMRI mice. Bleeding, phenylhydrazine-induced hemolysis, and splenectomy generated an increase of micronucleated erythrocytes in the peripheral blood of mice. Our data thus demonstrate that such factors should be taken into consideration when the micronucleus test is used for screening the genotoxic potential of chemicals. Furthermore, the micronucleus-inducing effect of cyclophosphamide was studied in normal and splenectomized mice and, in addition, a comparison of the sensitivity of the micronucleus test was carried out in peripheral blood and bone marrow after cyclophosphamide treatment. Our data demonstrate that the kinetics of micronucleus formation were similar in normal and in splenectomized mice in which the micronucleus levels had returned to normal. The comparison of micronucleus formation in bone marrow and peripheral blood after cyclophosphamide treatment revealed the generation of similar quantities of micronucleated red blood cells in both tissues. The physiological mechanisms of micronucleus formation and removal and the potential role of chemically induced spleen damage during this process are discussed; the usefulness of the peripheral micronucleus test as a simple, rapid, and animal-saving modification of the standard bone marrow test is evaluated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of nongenotoxic and genotoxic factors modulating the frequency of micronucleated erythrocytes in the peripheral blood of mice

1985

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“…There is experimental evidence that recovery after bleeding in mice occurs within 8-10 days (Hara & Ogawa, 1977;Iscove, 1977;Pannaciulli, Massa & Saviane, 1977). The general course of recovery is shown in Fig.…”

Section: O D E L R E S U L T Smentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Experiments (Fig. 1) have demonstrated a marked variability in the response of the erythroid population to the same stimulus (bleeding to one third of original blood volume) (Hara Ogawa, 1977;Iscove, 1977;Pannaciulli et al, 1977). This variability is mainly due to the fact that the minimum value in erythrocyte kinetics occurs at different times.…”

Section: O D E L R E S U L T Smentioning

confidence: 96%

Regulation of recovery in the erythroid lineage: model studies

Tyazhelova

1987

Cell Proliferation

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Abstract. Based on data from the literature, the major regulatory features were established for the erythroid population regenerating after perturbation. A mathematical model is proposed which takes into account: (1) the increase in the proliferating CFU‐S due to depopulation of CFU‐S and BFU‐E/8 pools due to increased migration caused by erythropoietin; (2) regeneration of erythroid precursors due to short‐range factors and (3) gradual reduction in the short‐range effects and increase in the humoral influence on BFU‐E/8, BFU‐E/3 and CFU‐E together with short‐range suppression of progenitor differentiation and acceleration of maturation in all subpopulations due to humoral factors. The kinetics of subpopulations as a function of feedback and maturation rate are analysed. The dependence of erythrocyte production on erythrocyte depletion in the blood and on the feedback coefficient is defined.

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“…Further study has shown that these erythroid colonies contain at least two classes of stem cells, a more primitive erythroid burstforming unit (BFU-E) requiring long culture periods (10-14 days) with high erythropoietin levels and a more differentiated colony-forming unit-erythroid (CFU-E) requiring lower erythropoietin level and only 2 days of culture (23,33). Marrow CFU-E numbers follow a predictive pattern, increased following bleeding (34) and decreased during plethora induced by red cell transfusions (35). Erythroid progenitors as measured by clonal assays are sensitive to cytostatic agents (30,36,37) and known marrow toxicicants such as benzene (38,39).…”

Section: Erythroid Progenitors (Cfu-e Bfu-e)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of myelotoxicity caused by environmental chemicals.

Boorman¹,

Luster²,

Dean³

et al. 1982

Environ Health Perspect

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Potential antineoplastic agents must be screened for the delayed toxicity that occurs in many cases of drug-induced bone marrow aplasia. In vitro clonal assays for hematopoietic progenitor cells have been developed to assess the degree of myelotoxicity. This adverse side effect is often the limiting factor in the development of new cancer chemotherapeutics. In addition, many environmental chemicals are cytotoxic to rapidly proliferating cells, but a systematic assessment of their myelotoxicity has not been performed. We have used clonal marrow assays to investigate a panel of chemicals including 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, polybrominated biphenyls, diethylstilbestrol, benzo(a)pyrene and indomethacin. All were immunotoxic, some to pleuripotent hemopoetic stem cells and other to granulocyte-macrophage progenitors, and at concentrations below those causing other toxic manifestations. This shows that these bone marrow clonal assays, and hopefully future one for erythroid, B- and T-lymphocytes, and megakaryocytes, will provide the specificity and sensitivity necessary to delineate the myelotoxicity of a broad spectrum of environmental chemicals.

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Effect of Bleeding on <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> Colony-Forming Hemopoietic Cells

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

Evaluation of nongenotoxic and genotoxic factors modulating the frequency of micronucleated erythrocytes in the peripheral blood of mice

Evaluation of nongenotoxic and genotoxic factors modulating the frequency of micronucleated erythrocytes in the peripheral blood of mice

Regulation of recovery in the erythroid lineage: model studies

Assessment of myelotoxicity caused by environmental chemicals.

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