Effect of biochar amendment on the soil-atmosphere exchange of greenhouse gases from an intensive subtropical pasture in northern New South Wales, Australia

Scheer, Clemens; Grace, Peter R.; Rowlings, David; Kimber, Stephen; Zwieten, Lukas Van

doi:10.1007/s11104-011-0759-1

Cited by 206 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…To date, several studies have shown that the addition of biochar to soils can mitigate N 2 O emissions in situ from soybean and grass ecosystems [48], following ruminant urine deposition [49], in wheat plots [50] and during laboratory or greenhouse incubations under various conditions [8,9,47,[51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61] while other studies have found no differences or even increases in cumulative N 2 O emissions after biochar addition [61][62][63].…”

Section: Mitigation Of Nitrous Oxide Emissions Using Biocharmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Biochar and Soil Nitrogen Dynamics

Clough

Condron

Kammann³

et al. 2013

Agronomy

740

458

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oxide (N 2 O) were short-term in nature and found emission reductions, but long-term studies are lacking, as is mechanistic understanding of reductions. Stable N isotopes have a role in elucidating biochar-N-soil dynamics. There remains a dearth of information regarding effects of biochar and soil biota on N cycling. Biochar has potential within agroecosystems to be an N input, and a mitigation agent for environmentally detrimental N losses. Future research needs to systematically understand biochar-N interactions over the long term.

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Section: Mitigation Of Nitrous Oxide Emissions Using Biocharmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Biochar and Soil Nitrogen Dynamics

Clough

Condron

Kammann³

et al. 2013

Agronomy

740

458

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Numerous studies have reported a potential suppressive effect of biochar on N 2 O emissions Spokas et al, 2009;Atkinson et al, 2010;Cayuela et al, 2010;Sohi et al, 2010;Zhang et al, 2010b), as well as some evidence of a neutral effect (Karhu et al, 2011;Scheer et al, 2011). Reductions in soil bulk density, increased soil aeration and possible immobilization of N are among the causes for reduced N 2 O fluxes due to biochar application.…”

Section: Determining Factors and Potential Effects Of Biochar On Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar: Pyrogenic Carbon for Agricultural Use - A Critical Review

Novotny

Maia

Carvalho

et al. 2015

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

169

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Biochar (carbonized biomass for agricultural use) has been used worldwide as soil amendment and is a technology of particular interest for Brazil, since its "inspiration" is from the historical Terra Preta de Índios (Amazon Dark Earth), and also because Brazil is the world's largest charcoal producer, generating enormous residue quantities in form of fine charcoal and due to the availability of different residual biomasses, mainly from agroindustry (e.g., sugar-cane bagasse; wood and paper-mill wastes; residues from biofuel industries; sewage sludge etc), that can be used for biochar production, making Brazil a key actor in the international scenario in terms of biochar research and utilization). In the last decade, numerous studies on biochar have been carried out and now a vast literature, and excellent reviews, are available. The objective of this paper is therefore to deliver a critical review with some highlights on biochar research, rather than an exhaustive bibliographic review. To this end, some key points considered critical and relevant were selected and the pertinent literature "condensed", with a view to guide future research, rather than analyze trends of the past.

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“…We used a 12-chamber automated gas-measuring system (Scheer et al 2011) on four treatments within the larger rotation trial. Data from only two of the four treatments are presented in this paper.…”

Section: Experiments 1 and 3: Automated Chambers In Wheat (2010) And mentioning

confidence: 99%

Greenhouse gas (N2O and CH4) fluxes under nitrogen-fertilised dryland wheat and barley on subtropical Vertosols: risk, rainfall and alternatives

et al. 2016

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Abstract. The northern Australian grains industry relies on nitrogen (N) fertiliser to optimise yield and protein, but N fertiliser can increase soil fluxes of nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and methane (CH 4 ). We measured soil N 2 O and CH 4 fluxes associated with wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) using automated (Expts 1, 3) and manual chambers (Expts 2, 4, 5). Experiments were conducted on subtropical Vertosol soils fertilised with N rates of 0-160 kg N ha -1 .In Expt 1 (2010), intense rainfall for a month before and after sowing elevated N 2 O emissions from N-fertilised (80 kg N ha -1 ) wheat, with 417 g N 2 O-N ha -1 emitted compared with 80 g N 2 O-N ha -1 for non-fertilised wheat. Once crop N uptake reduced soil mineral N, there was no further treatment difference in N 2 O. Expt 2 (2010) showed similar results, however, the reduced sampling frequency using manual chambers gave a lower cumulative N 2 O. By contrast, very low rainfall before and for several months after sowing Expt 3 (2011) resulted in no difference in N 2 O emissions between N-fertilised and non-fertilised barley. N 2 O emission factors were 0.42, 0.20 and -0.02 for Expts 1, 2 and 3, respectively. In Expts 4 and 5 (2011), N 2 O emissions increased with increasing rate of N fertiliser. Emissions were reduced by 45% when the N fertiliser was applied in a 50 : 50 split between sowing and mid-tillering, or by 70% when urea was applied with the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole-phosphate.Methane fluxes were typically small and mostly negative in all experiments, especially in dry soils. Cumulative CH 4 uptake ranged from 242 to 435 g CH 4 -C ha -1 year -1 , with no effect of N fertiliser treatment. Considered in terms of CO 2 equivalents, soil CH 4 uptake offset 8-56% of soil N 2 O emissions, with larger offsets occurring in non-N-fertilised soils.The first few months from N fertiliser application to the period of rapid crop N uptake pose the main risk for N 2 O losses from rainfed cereal cropping on subtropical Vertosols, but the realisation of this risk is dependent on rainfall. Strategies that reduce the soil mineral N pool during this time can reduce the risk of N 2 O loss.

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Effect of biochar amendment on the soil-atmosphere exchange of greenhouse gases from an intensive subtropical pasture in northern New South Wales, Australia

Cited by 206 publications

References 62 publications

A Review of Biochar and Soil Nitrogen Dynamics

A Review of Biochar and Soil Nitrogen Dynamics

Biochar: Pyrogenic Carbon for Agricultural Use - A Critical Review

Greenhouse gas (N2O and CH4) fluxes under nitrogen-fertilised dryland wheat and barley on subtropical Vertosols: risk, rainfall and alternatives

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