Effect of Bio, Organic and Chemical Fertilization on Growth, Productivity and Oil Consituents of Caraway (Carum carvi, L.).

Abstract

A field trial was carried out during 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 seasons at the Experimental Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Kafr El-Sheikh University to study the effect of bio, organic and chemical fertilization on growth, seed yield, essential oil and its main components as well as some chemical constituents (N, P and K) of Caraway plants. Compost was applied at the rate of 10 m 3 /fed., during soil preparation. NPK, active dry yeast, seaweed extract, amino acids free and triamin plus were added as folair spray. The common agricultural practices i.e. watering, weed control, etc. were done whenever plants needed and the obtained results could be summarized as follows: Compost in combinations with active dry yeast or amino acids free or triamin plus significantly enhanced both Caraway plant growth and productivity of seeds or essential seed oil contents. GCM (gas chromatography) analyses for oil components shown the presence of ơ-guaiene, 2,6-dihydroxyacetophenone, hydrocinnamic acid, α -gurjunene, chamigrene and caryophyllene in the seeds volatile oil. All treatments didn't succeed in improving the main components of the volatile oil (carvone) but the plants fertilized with seaweed extract treatment gave high means of most component of the volatile oil.

Response of (Petroselinum sativum Hoffm.) To Organic, Bio-Fertilizer and some Foliar Application

“…Many researchers achieved best growth, yield, oil percentage and yield and constituents when used organic manures and different biofertilizers for several medicinal and aromatic plants, like (Toaima et al; and (Tursun et al; on parsley, 2018) on parsley, ( Patel et al;2010) and (Badran et al; on fennel, on Fennel and Salvia, (El-Tarawy et al; on Caraway.…”

Improving growth, yield and essential oil of lavander Lavandula Officinalis L. by using compost and biofertilizer application in clay soil

“…(Mandoor et al, 2017) on lavender plants mentioned that, organic matter and dry yeast improved plant growth characters and the oil yield/ fed. (El-Tarawy et al, 2017) on caraway mentioned that, compost in combinations with active dry yeast significantly enhanced plant growth due to, active dry yeast producing various enzymes, hormones, amino acids and vit.c.…”

“…Also, Multiple research shown that, free-living N2-fixing bacteria such as Azotobacter chroococcum and Azospirillum lipoferum increasing the nitrogen in the soil and release phytohormones similar to gibberellic acid (GA3) and indole acetic acid (IAA), which could stimulate plant growth, nutrient absorption, and photosynthesis, which leads to an increased yields of some plants (Sumbul et al, 2020, Ahmed and El-shazly 2021, Din et al, 2021, El-Tarawy et al, 2017 on caraway, mentioned that compost in combinations with active dry yeast significantly enhanced plant growth. The increase in growth characters may be attributed to the different enzymes, hormones, amino acids, Vit.c etc.…”