Effect of bias voltage on the tribological and sealing properties of rubber seals modified by DLC films

Liu, Jiaqi; Wu, Zhiyu; Cao, Huatang; Wen, Feng; Pei, Yu

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2018.12.100

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films have garnered considerable interest as materials for lubrication and protection, due to the combination of relatively high hardness, ultralow friction, and excellent wear resistance [7][8][9]. Beyond that, DLC films not only possess promising chemical compatibility with the rubber (to prevent the degradation of rubber components) but the deposition temperature can be adjusted to be lower than the upper temperature limit of the rubber (by the choice of the deposition method and controlling process variables) [10][11][12][13]. Therefore, DLC films prepared on the rubber surface is undoubtedly a viable option.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adhesion and friction performance of DLC/rubber: The influence of plasma pretreatment

Chun

Gong

et al. 2021

Friction

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Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films are deposited on rubber surfaces to protect the rubber components, and surface pretreatment of the rubber substrates prior to the film deposition can improve the adhesion between the DLC films and the rubber. Thus, the principal purpose of this work concentrates on determining the effects of argon (Ar), oxygen (O2), nitrogen (N2), and hydrogen (H2) plasma pretreatments on the adhesion and friction performance of the DLC films deposited on rubber (DLC/rubber). The results indicated that the Ar plasma pretreatment promoted the formation of a compact layer on the rubber surface. By contrast, massive fillers were exposed on the rubber surface after oxygen or nitrogen plasma pretreatments. Moreover, the typical micrometer-scale patches divided by random cracks were observed on the surface of DLC/rubber, except for the sample pretreated with oxygen plasma. The adhesion of DLC/rubber was found to strengthen with the removal of weak boundary layers and the generation of free radicals on the rubber surface after plasma pretreatment. The tribo-tests revealed that DLC/rubber with O2, N2, and H2 plasma pretreatments cannot achieve optimal friction performance. Significantly, DLC/rubber with Ar plasma pretreatment exhibited a low and stable friction coefficient of 0.19 and superior wear resistance, which was correlated to the high adhesion, good load-bearing of the rubber surface, and the approximate sine function of the surface profile of the DLC film.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adhesion and friction performance of DLC/rubber: The influence of plasma pretreatment

Chun

Gong

et al. 2021

Friction

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“…Eventually, the surface morphology of DLC films in the form of "hills" tends to have higher roughness compared to virgin NBR. Noteworthy, Liu et al [35,36] reported that the fabrication of the DLC film is beneficial to lower the surface roughness of NBR. Our results are contrary to previous study, which may be related to the thickness of films, the distribution and size of the depressions on rubber, and the effect of Ar plasma pretreatment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, the low hardness of films may have direct relation with tribological behaviors. It was reported that amorphous carbon film with high hardness on rubber would have better wear resistance [36]. The increasingly hydrogenated CH 4 gas discharge plasma promotes the formation of the graphite phase (Table 1), thereby reducing the hardness of the film and impairing the load capacity of the hydrocarbon network.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing the tribological performance of DLC-coated NBR rubber: The role of hydrogen in films

Chun

Zhang

et al. 2021

Friction

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Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films directly deposited on rubber substrate is undoubtedly one optimal option to improve the tribological properties due to its ultralow friction, high-hardness as well as good chemical compatibility with rubber. Investigating the relationship between film structure and tribological performance is vital for protecting rubber. In this study it was demonstrated that the etching effect induced by hydrogen incorporation played positive roles in reducing surface roughness of DLC films. In addition, the water contact angle (CA) of DLC-coated nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) was sensitive to the surface energy and sp2 carbon clustering of DLC films. Most importantly, the optimum tribological performance was obtained at the 29 at% H-containing DLC film coated on NBR, which mainly depended on the following key factors: (1) the DLC film with appropriate roughness matched the counterpart surface; (2) the contact area and surface energy controlled interface adhesive force; (3) the microstructure of DLC films impacted load-bearing capacity; and (4) the generation of graphitic phase acted as a solid lubricant. This understanding may draw inspiration for the fabrication of DLC films on rubber to achieve low friction coefficient.

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“…Since the discovery of DLC films, their application as a selflubricating and protective coating in mechanical engineering is increasingly broadened. For example, their applications in gearings (Michalczewski et al, 2019), bearings (Okamura et al, 2019), engine piston rings (Kumar et al, 2019), oil-well tubings , rubber seals (Liu J. Q. et al, 2019), and friction pairs in spacecraft (Donnet et al, 1999) have been testified to be effective and valuable. Superlubricity achieved with DLC coatings can provide a new concept to meet the increasing demand for lower energy consumption, longer life time, and higher power density of future mechanical systems, which has an enormous potential value from both economic and environmental perspectives.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence Factors on Mechanisms of Superlubricity in DLC Films: A Review

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2020

Front. Mech. Eng.

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As a kind of self-lubricating material, diamond-like carbon (DLC) film is famous for its excellent tribological properties. Superlubricity state with nearly-vanishing friction achieved with DLC film has enormous potential applications in future mechanical systems. It is pointed out that its superlubricity state is highly related to both the inherent properties of the DLC film and external sliding conditions. Moreover, the underlying mechanisms of the superlubricity are complicated, posing uncertainties on their engineering application. This review provides an overview of the influence factors, including film composition, ambient, temperature, normal load, and sliding velocity and their correlations with the anti-friction behaviors of DLC films. These understandings will enable a more effective engineering application of self-lubricating carbon films with excellent tribological properties.

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Effect of bias voltage on the tribological and sealing properties of rubber seals modified by DLC films

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Cited by 22 publications

References 38 publications

Adhesion and friction performance of DLC/rubber: The influence of plasma pretreatment

Adhesion and friction performance of DLC/rubber: The influence of plasma pretreatment

Optimizing the tribological performance of DLC-coated NBR rubber: The role of hydrogen in films

Influence Factors on Mechanisms of Superlubricity in DLC Films: A Review

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