Effect of Bacopasides on acquisition and expression of morphine tolerance

Rauf, Khalid; Subhan, Fazal; Abbas, Muzaffar; Badshah, Amir; Ullah, Ihsan; Ullah, Sami

doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2011.01.023

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Treatment based on the mechanism(s) of pain is widely accepted to be theoretically better than treatment based on the cause of pain [96]. Although, the mechanism through which Bacopa monnieri ameliorates allodynia and hyperalgesia is still unknown; nonetheless, in view of its myriad pharmacological profile it can be speculated that multiple mechanisms might be involved as Bacopa monnieri possesses anti-nociceptive activity [30] mediated through opioidergic mechanisms [88], enhances the morphine anti-nociceptive effects [66], increases synaptic plasticity [97], up-regulates vesicular glutamate transporter type 2 (VGLUT2) [98] and decreases the immunodensity of glutamate/ N -methyl-D- aspartate receptor subtype 1 (NMDAR1) [99]. What is more, Bacopa monnieri increases GABA, GABA A receptor subunit, GABA A receptor binding and up-regulation of GAD gene [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacopa monnieri was quantified for bacoside “A” major components including bacoside-A 3 , bacopaside-II and bacopasaponin-C by a previously described validated high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method [66]. The HPLC system consisted of double pumps (LC-20AT Shimadzu, Japan) with UV detector (SPD-20A Shimadzu, Japan) and column (Purospher C18, 250 mm × 4.6 mm × 4 μm particle size).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacopa monnieri has shown its utility against tonic visceral chemically-induced nociceptive pain and acute phasic thermal nociception in animal studies [66]. Additionally, Bacopa monnieri attenuates opioid tolerance, enhances opiates-induced analgesia and has morphine like analgesic effect without producing any tolerance to its own analgesic effect [66, 67].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, Bacopa monnieri attenuates opioid tolerance, enhances opiates-induced analgesia and has morphine like analgesic effect without producing any tolerance to its own analgesic effect [66, 67]. However, there is little evidence of its efficacy in attenuating neuropathic pain conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A bacosides containing Bacopa monnieri extract alleviates allodynia and hyperalgesia in the chronic constriction injury model of neuropathic pain in rats

Shahid

Subhan

Ahmad

et al. 2017

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundThe current therapy of neuropathic pain is inadequate and is limited by the extent of pain relief and the occurrence of dose dependant side effects. Insufficient control of pain with conventional medications prompts the use of complementary and alternative medicine therapies by patients with neuropathic pain. This study therefore investigated a standardized methanolic extract of Bacopa monnieri, a widely reputed nootropic plant, for prospective antinociceptive effect in the chronic constriction injury (CCI) model of neuropathic pain.MethodsPlacement of four loose ligatures around the sciatic nerve produced partial denervation of the hindpaw in rats. Bacopa monnieri (40 and 80 mg/kg, p.o) and the positive control, gabapentin (75 mg/kg, i.p), were administered daily after CCI or sham surgery and the behavioral paradigms of static- and dynamic-allodynia (paw withdrawal threshold to von Frey filament stimulation [PWT] and paw withdrawal latency to light-brushing [PWL]), cold-allodynia (paw withdrawal duration [PWD] to acetone), heat- (PWL to heat-stimulus) and punctate-hyperalgesia (PWD to pin-prick) were assessed on days 3, 7, 14 and 21.ResultsCCI consistently generated static- (days 3–21), dynamic- (days 14–21) and cold-allodynia (days 3–21) plus heat- and mechano-hyperalgesia (days 3–21). The tested doses of Bacopa monnieri significantly attenuated the CCI-induced allodynia and hyperalgesia, exemplified by increased PWT (days 7–21), PWL to light brushing (days 14–21) and heat (days 7–21) as well as decreased PWD to pin prick and cold stimuli (days 3–21). The extract also counterbalanced the CCI-induced aberrations in the nociceptive behaviors by increasing the pain threshold to that of pre-surgery baseline. Gabapentin also afforded analogous beneficial behavioral profile but of higher magnitude.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that Bacopa monnieri can be used as adjuvant therapy for neuropathic pain conditions afflicted with allodynia and hyperalgesia.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-017-1807-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A bacosides containing Bacopa monnieri extract alleviates allodynia and hyperalgesia in the chronic constriction injury model of neuropathic pain in rats

Shahid

Subhan

Ahmad

et al. 2017

BMC Complement Altern Med

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“…Bacopa monnieri has also been reported to possess inhibitory effects on morphine‐induced pharmacological activities such as hyperactivity, tolerance, reverse tolerance, dopamine receptor sensitivity and apomorphine‐induced climbing behaviour in rats (Sumathi, ). Apart from enhancing morphine analgesia (Rauf et al ., ), BM has also been reported to protect major organs such as liver, kidneys and brain from chronic morphine toxicities. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the major active BM component Bacoside A on morphine‐induced locomotor hyperactivity in relation to striatal dopamine (DA), serotonin (5‐HT) and their metabolites dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid (DOPAC), homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5‐hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5‐HIAA), which are implicated in locomotor behaviour.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A Bacoside Containing Bacopa monnieri Extract Reduces Both Morphine Hyperactivity Plus the Elevated Striatal Dopamine and Serotonin Turnover

Rauf

Subhan

Sewell

2011

Phytotherapy Research

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Bacopa monnieri (BM) has been used in Ayurvedic medicine as a nootropic, anxiolytic, antiepileptic and antidepressant. An n-butanol extract of the plant (nBt-ext BM) was analysed and found to contain Bacoside A (Bacoside A3, Bacopaside II and Bacopasaponin C). The effects of the BM extract were then studied on morphine-induced hyperactivity as well as dopamine and serotonin turnover in the striatum since these parameters have a role in opioid sensitivity and dependence. Mice were pretreated with saline or nBt-ext BM (5, 10 and 15 mg/kg, orally), 60 min before morphine administration and locomotor activity was subsequently recorded. Immediately after testing, striatal tissues were analysed for dopamine (DA), serotonin (5HT) and their metabolites using HPLC coupled with electrochemical detection. The results indicated that nBt-ext BM significantly (p < 0.001) decreased locomotor activity in both the saline and morphine treated groups. Additionally, nBt-ext BM significantly lowered morphine-induced dopamine (DA), dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-H1AA) upsurges in the striatum but failed to affect DA, 5-HT and their metabolites in the saline treated group. These findings suggest that nBt-ext BM has an antidopaminergic/serotonergic effect and may have potential beneficial effects in the treatment of morphine dependence.

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Phytotherapy of Opioid Dependence and Withdrawal Syndrome: A Review

Tabatabai

Dashti

Doosti

et al. 2013

Phytotherapy Research

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Development of tolerance and dependence is a major problem associated with opioid treatment. Withdrawal syndrome is common between medical and illicit users of these agents. Phytomedicine has shown promise in the treatment of this complicated psychosomatic condition. In this study, the effects of plant extracts and active components on morphine dependence and withdrawal syndrome are discussed. Proper keywords were used to search through PubMed, Google Scholar, and SciVerse, as well as two local scientific databases, www.iranmedex.com and www.SID.com. All relevant results (original articles, meeting abstracts, patents, etc.) published from 2000 to 2013 were chosen for final review. A total of 35 plant species were studied on this subject. Plants from Lamiaceae, Ranunculaceae, and Apiaceae families were especially effective. A few studies were carried out on human subjects and the rest in animal models. Opioid dependence and withdrawal syndrome remain an intimidating challenge. Nonetheless, plants and their derivatives are suitable sources for their treatment. Although there are several plants shown to be effective in animal models, few clinical studies are available.

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Effect of Bacopasides on acquisition and expression of morphine tolerance

Cited by 15 publications

References 35 publications

A bacosides containing Bacopa monnieri extract alleviates allodynia and hyperalgesia in the chronic constriction injury model of neuropathic pain in rats

A bacosides containing Bacopa monnieri extract alleviates allodynia and hyperalgesia in the chronic constriction injury model of neuropathic pain in rats

A Bacoside Containing Bacopa monnieri Extract Reduces Both Morphine Hyperactivity Plus the Elevated Striatal Dopamine and Serotonin Turnover

Phytotherapy of Opioid Dependence and Withdrawal Syndrome: A Review

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