Effect of Aviation Fuel Type and Fuel Injection Conditions on Non-reacting Spray Characteristics of a Hybrid Airblast Fuel Injector

Spray Characteristics of Alternative Aviation Fuel Blends

“…Sauter mean diameter measurements, in a spray from a pressure swirl nozzle, presented in [19], showed little variation for different fuels. On the other hand, measurements in sprays produced by a hybrid airblast atomizer in [23], present compatible results with the present study, indicating also a small decrease in diameter for higher injection pressure. However, experiments with the same fuels as in [23], in a single-cup swirl-stabilized combustor at steady-state combustion conditions [38], present an almost inverse relation between fuel properties and droplet sizes.…”

“…The present work is in line with several contemporary efforts to assess the influence of composition and physical properties on the atomization characteristics of alternative fuels [19][20][21][22][23]. The work was part of a larger effort to investigate the applicability of fuels that can be processed to look like kerosene, as practical alternatives to fossil fuels by the Virtual Fuel Centre of the Environmentally Compatible Air Transport System project (ECATS) [24][25][26].…”

“…However, experiments with the same fuels as in [23], in a single-cup swirl-stabilized combustor at steady-state combustion conditions [38], present an almost inverse relation between fuel properties and droplet sizes. It has to be noted that contrary to the above-mentioned investigations [23,38], where the droplet size histograms were skewed, in the present work the size histograms (typical samples are provided as supplementary materials, Figures S1 and S2) have, in most cases (independent of blend, pressure or location), a rather symmetric form of similar extent.…”

Impact of aromatic species selection and micro and bulk properties of alternative fuels on atomisation

“…Therefore, it stands to reason that, if a fuel can adversely affect the atomisation of a given fuel injector, the vast majority of which have been optimised for use with Jet A and Jet A-1, this would affect the combustion instability characteristics of the engine (3,4) . With the increasing use of alternative fuels, several studies that discuss the spray characteristics of alternative fuels have been published recently times (5)(6)(7)(8)(9) . 'Atomisation' is a term used to describe in essence the transformation of liquid fuel into small droplets or a spray before being burned in a gas turbine combustor or any other liquid fuel burner.…”

“…The importance of fuel injection methods and their fuel atomisation characteristics has been well described in literature (1,5,6,(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26) . Also, there are large number of studies in literature detailing the impact of the bulk properties of conventional fuels on atomisation and spray characteristics (5,7,8,12) .…”