Effect of Atorvastatin on Angiogenesis in Degenerated Intervertebral Disc in Rat

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals resident progenitor and vascularization-associated cell subpopulations in rat annulus fibrosus

“…also showed that a subcluster of AF (cluster 8) had the highest similarity to vascular endothelial cells [ 12 ]. Vascularization during IDD occurs from AF and endplates [ 71 ], consistent with our result that the Lum + ​cells were located near the endplates. Feng et al.…”

A Histopathological Scheme for the Quantitative Scoring of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration and the Therapeutic Utility of Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Intervertebral Disc Regeneration

“…A number of commonly prescribed anti-cholesterol lipid lowering medications have also produced beneficial effects on disc cell metabolism of application in the treatment of DDD. Simvastin [28,41,42], ortovastatin, and lovastatin [41,42,43,44,45] display protective effects on the IVD. A flavonoid isolated from grapefruit (naringin) and component of the traditional Chinese herb Rhizoma drynariae (Gusuibu) [46] has potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties [47] which upregulates NP cell proliferation and down-regulates tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α activity but elevates BMP-2, aggrecan and type II collagen protein production and also upregulates ACAN and SOX6 and decreases MMP3 gene expression [48].…”

Rosuvastatin: A Potential Therapeutic Agent for Inhibition of Mechanical Pressure-Induced Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

“…Yilmaz et al 23 explored that the addition of Pitavastatin and RSV to monolayer-grown human primary fibroblasts and NPCs revealed a significant increase in cell proliferative activity and a significant decrease in the expression of inflammation-related factors (SOX9, IL-1β). In addition, it has also been shown that statins such as simvastatin, 24 atorvastatin, 25 lovastatin and other statins 26 also have the effect of inhibiting IDD, and the mechanism is mainly related to the inhibition of oxidative stress, inhibition of inflammatory response, promotion of extracellular matrix synthesis, and slowing down of cellular senescence. Therefore, RSV is a very promising drug for the treatment of IDD.…”