Effect of Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma on Functional Compounds and Physiological Activities in Peanut Shells

Abstract

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) shell, an abundant by-product of peanut production, contains a complex combination of organic compounds, including flavonoids. Changes in the total phenolic content, flavonoid content, antioxidant capacities, and skin aging-related enzyme (tyrosinase, elastase, and collagenase)-inhibitory activities of peanut shell were investigated after treatment in pressure swing reactors under controlled gas conditions using surface dielectric barrier discharge with different plasma (NOx and O3) and temperature (25 and 150 °C) treatments. Plasma treatment under ozone-rich conditions at 150 °C significantly affected the total phenolic (270.70 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g) and flavonoid (120.02 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/g) contents of peanut shell compared with the control (253.94 and 117.74 mg CE/g, respectively) (p < 0.05). In addition, with the same treatment, an increase in functional compound content clearly enhanced the antioxidant activities of components in peanut shell extracts. However, the NOx-rich treatment was significantly less effective than the O3 treatment (p < 0.05) in terms of the total phenolic content, flavonoid content, and antioxidant activities. Similarly, peanut shells treated in the reactor under O3-rich plasma conditions at 150 ℃ had higher tyrosinase, elastase, and collagenase inhibition rates (55.72%, 85.69%, and 86.43%, respectively) compared to the control (35.81%, 80.78%, and 83.53%, respectively). Our findings revealed that a reactor operated with O3-rich plasma-activated gas at 150 °C was better-suited for producing functional industrial materials from the by-products of peanuts.

Comparative study on the effects of grain blending on functional compound content and in vitro biological activity

“…The sample extraction and evaluation methods for analysis of total phenolic and flavonoid content were conducted according to the methods used in our previous study with slight modifications 26 . The ground sample (4 g) was mixed with 40 mL of 100% ethanol and was stirred for 24 h at room temperature.…”

Marine Bioactive Peptides: Anti-Photoaging Mechanisms and Potential Skin Protective Effects

“…Elastin, an extracellular matrix protein, imparts elasticity and resilience to various connective tissues including the aorta, lungs, cartilage, elastic ligaments, and skin [90]. In comparison to collagen, elastin exhibits a significantly higher degree of flexibility, approximately 1000 times greater [91]. Consequently, the principal role of elastin lies in conferring tissue elasticity [92].…”

“…This physiological phenomenon typically ceases shortly after the onset of puberty, coinciding with the maturation of the body. Alongside collagen, the production of elastin is initiated to uphold the suppleness and tautness of the skin [91]. Nevertheless, an excessive production of elastase leads to a decline in elastin fibers, thereby compromising the mechanical characteristics of the tissue (Figure 2).…”

Immobilizing white‐rot fungi laccase: Toward bio‐derived supports as a circular economy approach in organochlorine removal

“…sanguineus (Thota et al, 2018), P. ostreatus (Akinfemi, 2010;Anike et al, 2016;Mishra & Kumar, 2007;Zervakis et al, 2001), P. pulmonarius (Akinfemi, 2010;Zervakis et al, 2001) 2022). The high amounts of polyphenols in PS (Adhikari et al, 2019;Han et al, 2022;Hassan et al, 2021;Win et al, 2011) could have a positive effect on Lac stability.…”

“…Cultivation of WRF under optimized fermentation growth conditions using PS as a substrate for Lac production was performed by Mishra and Kumar (2007); Rodriguez‐Couto and Sanromán (2006); Irshad et al (2012); Nasreen et al (2015); Liu et al (2018); and Chmelová et al (2022). The high amounts of polyphenols in PS (Adhikari et al, 2019; Han et al, 2022; Hassan et al, 2021; Win et al, 2011) could have a positive effect on Lac stability.…”