Effect of Aspartame on Acetylcholinesterase Activity in Some of Rat Tissues

Abstract

Ö Z B u çalışmada, sıçanlara intraperional verilen aspartamın, karaciğer, akciğer, böbrek ve beyin dokularında asetilkolinesteraz (AChE) aktivitesindeki değişiklikler araştırıldı. Yapay tatlandırıcı olarak yaygın bir şekilde kullanılan aspartam, erkek Wistar sıçanlara (n= 36) 50, 100 ve 200 mg/kg olarak verildi. Enjeksiyonu takiben 12 ve 24 saat sonra enzim aktivitesindeki değişiklikler kaydedildi. 12 saatteki bütün dozlarda AChE aktiviteleri karaciğer ve böbrekte önemli bir şekilde daha yüksekti. Fakat akciğer ve beyinde aynı yüksek değerler gözlenmedi. Buna rağmen, 200 mg/kg uygulamasından 24 saat sonra karaciğer ve böbrekteki aktiviteler kontrolünkiyle benzerdi. Sonuç olarak, sıçanın farklı dokularında aspartamın AChE enzim aktivitelerinde bazı değişiklere neden olduğu bulundu. AChE enzim aktivitelerindeki değişikliklerin nedenleri bu çalışmada tartışıldı. Anahtar KelimelerAsetilkolinesteraz, aspartam, enzim aktivitesi, sıçan. A B S T R A C TI n this study, the changes in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the liver, lungs, kidney and brain tissues were investigated in the rats administered aspartame intraperitoneally. Aspartame, a widely used artificial sweetener, was given to the rats at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg. Changes in enzyme activity were recorded at 12 and 24 h following the injection. The activities of AChE at 12 h for all doses were significantly higher in the liver and kidney but not in those of lung and brain. However, the activities in the liver and kidney at 24 h after treatment for 200 mg/kg were similar to that of control. Consequently, it was observed that aspartame caused increases in the activities of AChE in the liver and kidney during the first hours after treatment but lost its effect at later times.

Assessment ofBlighia sapidaon Cholinergic and Antioxidant Enzymes; Possible Use of the Plant Stem-Bark Extract as a Biological Pest Controlling Agent

“…The xenobiotics are converted to more water-soluble (hydrophilic), less toxic and easily excreted from the system. The results of the liver and plasma GST were found to be significantly different at (P < 0.05) compared to the control group for both female and male animals, which was in agreement with Arbind et al (2014) as reported by Polat et al (2017). It was observed that the plant extract reduced the levels of AChE in a dose-dependent manner in male and female Wister rats.…”

“…These enzymes (AChE and GST), play a crucial role as indicators in the detection of toxicants. The work corroborates the report ofPolat et al (2017) on a decrease in the activities of AChE in animals exposed to organophosphate insecticide, a decrease in AChE activity in the frontal cortex of the rats exposed to metabolites of aspartame and the inhibition of AChE activity in rat hippocampus aspartame metabolites. The results of this study imply that bioactive compounds present in the study plant may cause a reduction in the activities of enzymes involved in the metabolism of foreign substances (pesticides) thereby leading to consequences such as tremor, reduction in the rate of survival and death.…”

Current approaches to the use of artificial sweetener aspartame

“…But the same high values were not observed in the lungs and brain. However, activities in the liver and kidney were similar to the control 24 hours after the administration of 200 mg/kg (20). In a study where the adverse effects on experimental animals were discussed, it was found that 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day aspartame consumption significantly increased the liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (19).…”