Effect of antimalarial drugs and of clindamycin on erythrocyte metabolism: a review

Barraviera, Benedito

doi:10.1590/s0036-46651989000300011

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 35 publications

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“…Cells have antioxidant defenses against toxic ROS – such as the enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) – that work in tandem to neutralize superoxide radicals [13–15]. SOD catalyzes the loss of superoxide radicals into oxygen or hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ); this is itself detrimental and must be detoxified into other non-toxic substances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rattlesnake Crotalus molossus nigrescens venom induces oxidative stress on human erythrocytes

Meléndez‐Martínez

Muñoz

Barraza-Garza

et al. 2017

J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis

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BackgroundGlobally, snake envenomation is a well-known cause of death and morbidity. In many cases of snakebite, myonecrosis, dermonecrosis, hemorrhage and neurotoxicity are present. Some of these symptoms may be provoked by the envenomation itself, but others are secondary effects of the produced oxidative stress that enhances the damage produced by the venom toxins. The only oxidative stress effect known in blood is the change in oxidation number of Fe (from ferrous to ferric) in hemoglobin, generating methemoglobin but not in other macromolecules. Currently, the effects of the overproduction of methemoglobin derived from snake venom are not extensively recorded. Therefore, the present study aims to describe the oxidative stress induced by Crotalus molossus nigrescens venom using erythrocytes.MethodsHuman erythrocytes were washed and incubated with different Crotalus molossus nigrescens venom concentrations (0–640 μg/mL). After 24 h, the hemolytic activity was measured followed by attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, non-denaturing PAGE, conjugated diene and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances determination.ResultsLow concentrations of venom (<10 μg/mL) generates oxyhemoglobin release by hemolysis, whereas higher concentrations produced a hemoglobin shift of valence, producing methemoglobin (>40 μg/mL). This substance is not degraded by proteases present in the venom. By infrared spectroscopy, starting in 80 μg/mL, we observed changes in bands that are associated with protein damage (1660 and 1540 cm−1) and lipid peroxidation (2960, 2920 and 1740 cm−1). Lipid peroxidation was confirmed by conjugated diene and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance determination, in which differences were observed between the control and erythrocytes treated with venom.Conclusions Crotalus molossus nigrescens venom provokes hemolysis and oxidative stress, which induces methemoglobin formation, loss of protein structure and lipid peroxidation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rattlesnake Crotalus molossus nigrescens venom induces oxidative stress on human erythrocytes

Meléndez‐Martínez

Muñoz

Barraza-Garza

et al. 2017

J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis

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Randomized comparison of quinine-clindamycin versus artesunate in the treatment of falciparum malaria in pregnancy

McGready¹,

Cho²,

Samuel³

et al. 2001

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygi

103

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In areas where multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum (MDR-Pf) is prevalent, only quinine is known to be safe and effective in pregnant women. On the western border of Thailand, 7 days of supervised quinine (30 mg/kg daily) cures two-thirds of P. falciparum-infected women in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy. Artesunate is effective against MDR-Pf and the limited data on its use in pregnancy suggest it is safe. An open randomized comparison of supervised quinine (10 mg salt/kg every 8 h) in combination with clindamycin (5 mg/kg every 8 h) for 7 days (QC7) versus artesunate 2 mg/kg per day for 7 days (A7) was conducted in 1997-2000 in 129 Karen women with acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria in the 2nd or 3rd trimesters of pregnancy. There was no difference in the day-42 cure rates between the QC7 (n = 65) and A7 (n = 64) regimens with an efficacy of 100% in both, confirmed by parasite genotyping. The A7 regimen was also associated with less gametocyte carriage; the average person-gametocyte-weeks for A7 was 3 (95% CI 0-19) and for QC7 was 39 (95% CI 21-66) per 1000 person-weeks, respectively (P < 0.01). There was no difference in gastrointestinal symptoms between the groups but there was significantly more tinnitus in the QC7 group compared to the A7 group (44.9% vs 8.9%; RR 5.1; 95% CI 1.9-13.5; P < 0.001). The favourable results with quinine-clindamycin mean that there is a useful back-up treatment for women with falciparum malaria who experience quinine and artesunate failures in pregnancy. Adherence to the 7-day regimen and cost (US$18.50 per treatment) are likely to be the main obstacles to this regimen.

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Isoniazid acetylating phenotype in patients with paracoccidioidomycosis and its relationship with serum sulfadoxin levels, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutathione reductase activities

Barraviera¹,

Pereira²,

Machado³

et al. 1991

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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The authors evaluated the isoniazid acetylating phenotype and measured hematocrit, he moglobin, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutathione reductase activities plu s serum sulfadoxin levels in 39 patients with paracoccidioidom ycosis (33 m ales and 6 fem ales) aged 17 to 58 years. Twenty one (5 3 .8 4 % ) o f the patients presented a slow acetylatingphenotype and 18(46.16% ) a fa s t acetylating phenotype. Glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase ( G 6PD) acti vity was decreased in 5(23.80% ) slow acetylators and in 4(22.22% ) fa st acetylators. Glutathione reductase activity was decreased in 14(66.66% ) slow acetylators and in 12(66.66% )fa s t acetylators. Serum levels o f free and total sulfadoxin Were higher in slow acetylator(p < 0.02). A nalysis o f the results

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Effect of antimalarial drugs and of clindamycin on erythrocyte metabolism: a review

Cited by 3 publications

References 35 publications

Rattlesnake Crotalus molossus nigrescens venom induces oxidative stress on human erythrocytes

Rattlesnake Crotalus molossus nigrescens venom induces oxidative stress on human erythrocytes

Randomized comparison of quinine-clindamycin versus artesunate in the treatment of falciparum malaria in pregnancy

Isoniazid acetylating phenotype in patients with paracoccidioidomycosis and its relationship with serum sulfadoxin levels, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutathione reductase activities

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