Effect of <i>Morinda citrifolia</i> L. fruit juice on gingivitis/periodontitis

Abstract

The majority of the world's population suffers from gingivitis/periodontitis. This inflammatory process is caused by several bacterial species inside the dental plaque. In vivo and in vitro experiments were set up. The patients of the in vivo group were divided into a noni and a control group. Both groups contained patients that suffered from gingivitis/periodontitis who were introduced to practice standardized, good oral hygiene. The patients in the noni group additionally used noni juice for mouth wash two times a day. The Papillae-Bleeding-Index (PBI) was evaluated comparing the status of inflammation in both groups. Bacterial probes were isolated from the patient's gingival pouches for species identification and to carry out in vitro experiments for possible antimicrobial effects of noni juice. The Papillae-Bleeding-Index (PBI) in the noni group has "highly significantly" improved from an average of 2.25 at the beginning of the observation period (t 0 ) to 1.01 after four weeks of noni treatment (t 1 ), compared to a change from 2.11 at t 0 to 1.95 at t 1 in the control group. A comparison of the differences of the PBI-values (t 0 -t 1 ) between the noni and the control group was highly significant using a t-test on a level of p = 0.01. Only small inhibition zones were observed in the agar diffusion test on agar plates coated with aerobic, anaerobic and Candida cultures isolated from the patients gingival pouches after treatment with original or neutralized noni juice in different concentrations. Weak bacteriostatic effects occurred in the agar dilution experiments with noni juice in higher concentrations (native and neutralized noni juice). The present investigation has shown that the combination of good oral hygiene and the administration of noni juice was a promising treatment for gingivitis and periodontitis. The additional treatment with noni juice significantly mitigated the gingival inflammation.

Antibacterial efficacy and effect of Morinda citrifolia L. mixed with irreversible hydrocolloid for dental impressions: A randomized controlled trial

“…The concentration of the extract of M. citrifolia L used in the present study is equal to the concentration which is used to treat gingivitis/periodontitis[ 15 ] and adding on to the additional benefits of using this extract allows internal disinfection of the impression as well.…”

“…Sample size calculation ( n = 8) was performed using Mann–Whitney test with the study power of 80% (α =5%). [ 15 ] Twenty volunteers were selected for the study.…”

Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of a Commercial Noni Juice revealed by Carrageenan-induced Paw Edema

“…Noni discovered as a medicinal plant by the ancestors of Polynesians 2000 years ago has been and is still used in traditional medicine, thus being a popular research object. Although first studies on this plant date back to the beginning of 1990s, with two publications in the years of 1907 and 1918 (Simonsen 1920), numerous in vitro and in vivo investigations and clinical trials have started with the advent of noni juice as a health and wellness drink in 1996 and its approval as a novel food by the European Commission in 2003 (Palu et al 2008, Basar et al 2010, Glang et al 2013. Diverse bioactive and therapeutic properties of noni have recently been reviewed by Assi et al (2015), Krishnakumar et al (2015), Motshakeri and Ghazali (2015), Nerurkar et al (2015), and Raja and Sreenivasulu (2015) comprehensively.…”

The Potential Health Benefits of Noni Juice: A Review of Human Intervention Studies

“…To evaluate the influence of noni juice on oral health, eleven patients with moderate to severe gingivitis or periodontitis were enrolled in a four-week pilot study [86]. These volunteers were divided into a control group (n=5) and a noni juice group.…”