Effect of alcoholic extracts of Indian medicinal plants on the altered enzymatic activities of diabetic rats

Abstract

In present study, the effect of alcoholic extract of Momordica charantia, Aegle marmelos and Eugenia jambolana was studied on serum glutamic oxaloacetate transminase and serum glutamic pyruvate transminase activities and on serum urea, total protein and albumin concentrations of streptozotocin diabetic rats. Diabetes in rats was induced by single dose of streptozotocin (30 mg/kg i. p.). On confirming the diabetes after 48 h of injection, alcoholic extracts of three plants were administered orally in doses of 250 mg and 500 mg/kg/d for 30 d. Glibenclamide (300 μg/kg/d) was used as a reference drug for comparison. Streptozotocin diabetic rats showed a significant increase in serum glutamic oxaloacetate transminase and serum glutamic pyruvate transminase activities and serum urea concentration but a significant decrease in serum total protein and albumin concentrations and albumin/globulin ratio. Oral administration of alcoholic extract of Momordica charantia, Aegle marmelos and Eugenia jambolana in daily doses of 250 mg and 500 mg/kg for a period of 1 mo produced dose- and duration-dependent decrease in serum glutamic oxaloacetate transminase and serum glutamic pyruvate transminase activities as well as decrease in serum urea concentration and restored the serum total protein and albumin concentration and albumin/globulin ratio to a great extent in streptozotocin diabetic rats. The beneficial effects of these plants in 500 mg/kg dose in streptozotocin diabetic rats were comparable to that of glibenclamide (300 μg/kg), a standard oral hypoglycaemic drug used in clinical practice.

Serum-biochemical profile and immunomodulatory effect of Aegle marmelos, Chelidonium majus and Boerhaavia diffusa homeopathic mother tincture supplementation in guinea fowl

“…The results are in contrast to Rajasekaran et al (2009) and Sundaram et al (2009) who found significant (P<0.05) reduction in SGOT activity due to administration of A. marmelos. In accordance with results of present experiment on Chelidonium supplementation Vakil et al (1989) and Rawling et al (2009) , while Gawronska et al (2009) and Banerjee et al (2010 observed decrease in the activity of SGPT.…”

“…The maximum values were recorded in treatment group T3 (5.51 g/dl) while minimum in guinea fowls of group T1 (4.50 g/dl). Similar to the result of present study Immanuel et al, (2009) Meshram et al andSundaram et al (2009) Globulin: Maximum value of serum globulin (Table 1) was noted in the treatment group T3 (3.19 g/dl) while minimum value in T1 group (2.51 g/dl). As regards A. marmelos and B. diffusa, Ongmoo (2011) found a non-significant impact of both mother tinctures on serum globulin levels in layers, however results of Chelidonium mother tincture supplementation are similar with those of Vakil et al (1989).…”

“…These results coincide with those of Sundaram et al (2009) and Rajasekaran et al (2009) for A. marmelos in rats and of Chelidonium majus, by Gawronska et al (2009) and Banerjee et al (2010). Reduction in SGOT level may be attributed to hepatoprotective action of Chelidonium majus alkaloid.…”

“…The results on A. marmelos supplemented group are in accordance with Sundaram et al (2009) who noted Aegle marmelos restored the albumin/globulin ratio in diabetic rats. The restoration of albumin/globulin ratio in the serum may be due to inhibition of proteolytic activity as well as enhanced insulin secretion and proper utilization of blood glucose.…”

Phytochemistry, traditional uses and pharmacology of Eugenia jambolana Lam. (black plum): A review

“…Many studies in the past two decades have shown that the seed (Achrekar et al 1991;Panda et al, 2009;Rathi et al 2002;Ravi et al, 2005Ravi et al, , 2004aRavi et al, , 2004bRavi et al, , 2004cRavi et al, , 2004dSharma, Balomajumder and Roy, 2008b;Sharma, Balomajumder and Roy, 2008b;Sharma, Viswanath, et al, 2008a;Sharma, Viswanath, et al, 2008a;Sharma et al 2003;Sridhar et al 2005), the fruit pulp (Achrekar et al, 1991;Pepato et al, 2005;Sharma et al, 2006;Sundaram et al, 2009) and bark (Villasenor and Lamadrid, 2006) possess antihyperglycemic effects, while the leaf was ineffective and devoid of this pharmacological effects (Pepato et al, 2001). The seed has been subjected to detailed investigations and observations suggest that it is effective when given as powder (Sridhar et al, 2005) or as an extract (Achrekar et al, 1991;Panda et al, 2009;Ravi et al, 2005Ravi et al, , 2004aRavi et al, , 2004bRavi et al, , 2004cRavi et al, , 2004dSharma, Balomajumder and Roy, 2008;Sharma, Viswanath, et al, 2008;Sharma et al, 2003;Sundaram et al, 2009) in reducing both hyperglycemia and diabetic complications in the experimental animals.…”