Effect of Aging on Collateral Circulation via Pial Anastomoses in Cats

Yamaguchi, Shûhei; Kobayashi, Shotai; Murata, Akira; Yamashita, Kazuya; Takemoto, Tsunematsu

doi:10.1159/000212946

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…However, collateral metrics were not obtained, and measures of highly localized velocity may not correlate with overall collateral conductance. Compared with young cats, aged cats experienced greater reductions in cerebral blood flow and encephalographic disturbances after MCAO, in association with increased collateral resistance (Yamaguchi et al, 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Wide Genetic Variation in the Native Pial Collateral Circulation is a Major Determinant of Variation in Severity of Stroke

Zhang

Prabhakar

Sealock

et al. 2010

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

225

383

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Severity of stroke varies widely among individuals. Whether differences in the extent of the native (preexisting) pial collateral circulation exist and contribute to this variability is unknown. We addressed these questions and probed for potential genetic contributions using morphometric analysis of the collateral circulation in 15 inbred mouse strains recently shown to exhibit wide differences in infarct volume. Morphometrics were determined in the unligated left hemisphere (for native collaterals) and ligated right hemisphere (for remodeled collaterals) 6 days after permanent middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion. Variation among strains in native collateral number, diameter, MCA, anterior cerebral artery (ACA), and posterior cerebral artery (PCA) tree territories were, respectively: 56-fold, 3-fold, 42%, 56%, and 61%. Collateral length (P < 0.001) and the number of penetrating arterioles branching from them also varied (P < 0.05). Infarct volume correlated inversely with collateral number (P < 0.0001), diameter (P < 0.0001), and penetrating arteriole number (P < 0.05) and directly with MCA territory (P < 0.05). Relative collateral conductance and MCA territory, when factored together, strongly predicted infarct volume (P < 0.0001). Outward remodeling of collaterals in the ligated hemisphere varied B3-fold. These data show that the extent of the native pial collateral circulation and collateral remodeling after obstruction vary widely with genetic background, and suggest that this variability, due to natural polymorphisms, is a major contributor to variability in infarct volume.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Wide Genetic Variation in the Native Pial Collateral Circulation is a Major Determinant of Variation in Severity of Stroke

Zhang

Prabhakar

Sealock

et al. 2010

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

225

383

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…From animal experiments, it was determined that a number of factors influence the functionality of LMA, such as variability, 158,159 vascular dynamics, 160 age of the animal, 161 size, 162,163 ischemic edema, 164 and type of experimental occlusion. 165 At the same time, it was found that LMA have an important role in the existence and outcome of the penumbra.…”

Section: Results Of Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomy and Functionality of Leptomeningeal Anastomoses

Brozici

Zwan

Hillen

2003

Stroke

219

200

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Background-This review seeks to provide a structured presentation of existing knowledge of leptomeningeal anastomoses from anatomic and functional points of view and to identify problems and possible research directions to foster a better understanding of the subject and of stroke mechanisms. Summary of Review-Available data show that leptomeningeal anastomoses may be important in understanding stroke mechanisms and that leptomeningeal anastomoses play an important role in penumbra outcome. However, the literature shows no consensus between statements on the existence of leptomeningeal anastomoses and compensatory capacity. Conclusions-By

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“…Others have reported fewer collaterals in the cerebral circulation of aged rats and cats. 22,23 In patients with acute myocardial infarction or stable coronary artery disease, the presence of Rentrop-defined coronary collaterals is inversely related to age. 33,34 However, whether this results from a decline in native collateral extent before or from reduced collateral remodeling after onset of coronary atherosclerosis, and thus less detection, cannot be distinguished in such studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging Causes Collateral Rarefaction and Increased Severity of Ischemic Injury in Multiple Tissues

Faber

Zhang

Lassance‐Soares

et al. 2011

ATVB

201

251

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Objective Aging is a major risk factor for increased ischemic tissue injury. Whether collateral rarefaction and impaired remodeling contribute to this is unknown. We quantified the number and diameter of native collaterals, and their remodeling in 3-, 16-, 24-, and 31-months-old mice. Methods and Results Aging caused an “age-dose-dependent” greater drop in perfusion immediately after femoral artery ligation, followed by a diminished recovery of flow and increase in tissue injury. These effects were associated with a decline in collateral number, diameter and remodeling. Angiogenesis was also impaired. Mechanistically, these changes were not accompanied by reduced recruitment of T-cells or macrophages to remodeling collaterals. However, eNOS signaling was dysfunctional, as indicated by increased protein nitrosylation and less phosphorylated eNOS and VASP in collateral wall cells. The cerebral circulation exhibited a similar age-dose-dependent loss of collateral number and diameter and increased tortuosity, resulting in an increase in collateral resistance and infarct volume (e.g., 6- and 3-fold, respectively, in 24-months-old mice) after artery occlusion. This was not associated with rarefaction of similarly-sized arterioles. Collateral remodeling was also reduced. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that aging causes rarefaction and insufficiency of the collateral circulation in multiple tissues, resulting in more severe ischemic tissue injury.

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Effect of Aging on Collateral Circulation via Pial Anastomoses in Cats

Cited by 21 publications

References 13 publications

Wide Genetic Variation in the Native Pial Collateral Circulation is a Major Determinant of Variation in Severity of Stroke

Wide Genetic Variation in the Native Pial Collateral Circulation is a Major Determinant of Variation in Severity of Stroke

Anatomy and Functionality of Leptomeningeal Anastomoses

Aging Causes Collateral Rarefaction and Increased Severity of Ischemic Injury in Multiple Tissues

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