Effect of aerobic training with silymarin consumption on glycemic indices and liver enzymes in men with type 2 diabetes

Ghalandari, Keyvan; Shabani, Mojtaba; Khajehlandi, Ali; Mohammadi, Amin

doi:10.1080/13813455.2020.1797104

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Accordingly, we found a significantly lower liver enzyme level in D + AT + HD, D + AT + MD, D + AT + oil, D + HD, and D + MD compared to D + C in the present study. Consistent with our results, a reduction of AST and ALT had been reported previously in human subjects of T2DM 34 . Similar to our results, some studies have linked the exercise-induced alleviation of liver enzymes with a significant reduction in hepatic lipid accumulation and whole-body fat mass.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Aerobic training with moderate or high doses of vitamin D improve liver enzymes, LXRα and PGC-1α levels in rats with T2DM

Hoseini,

Behpour,

Hoseini

2024

Sci Rep

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Dysregulation of key transcription factors involved in hepatic energy metabolism, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) and liver X receptor alpha (LXRα), has been observed in T2DM. The present study aims to investigate the effects of aerobic training and vitamin D supplementation on liver enzyme levels and the levels of PGC-1α and LXRα proteins in hepatocytes, in a rat model of T2DM. The study involved 56 male Wistar rats, divided into two groups: one was non-diabetic and acted as a control group (n = 8), and the other had induced diabetes (n = 48). The diabetic rats were then split into six subgroups: two groups received high or moderate doses of vitamin D and aerobic training (D + AT + HD and D + AT + MD); two groups received high or moderate doses of vitamin D alone (D + HD and D + MD); one group underwent aerobic training with vehicle (sesame oil; D + AT + oil), and one group was a diabetic control receiving only sesame oil (oil-receiving). The D + AT + HD and D + HD groups received 10,000 IU of vitamin D, while the D + AT + MD and D + MD groups received 5000 IU of vitamin D once a week by injection. The D + AT + oil group and the sham group received sesame oil. After eight weeks of treatment, body weight, BMI, food intake, serum insulin, glucose, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, ALT, AST, and visceral fat were measured. The levels of PGC-1α and LXRα proteins in the liver was assessed by western blotting. Statistical analysis was performed using the paired t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the Tukey post hoc test at a significance level of P < 0.05. Body weight, food intake, and BMI decreased significantly in the D + AT + HD, D + AT + MD, D + AT + oil, D + HD, and D + MD groups with the highest reduction being observed in body weight and BMI in the D + AT + HD group. The D + AT + HD group exhibited the lowest levels of insulin, glucose, and HOMA-IR while the D + C group exhibited the highest levels among the diabetic groups. The D + AT + HD and D + AT + MD groups had lower levels of ALT and AST enzymes compared to the other groups with no significant difference between D + AT + HD and D + AT + MD. D + AT + HD (p = 0.001), D + AT + MD (p = 0.001), D + HD (p = 0.023), D + MD (p = 0.029), and D + AT + oil (p = 0.011) upregulated LXRα compared to D + C. Among these groups, D + AT + HD exhibited a more profound upregulation of LXRα than D + AT + MD, D + AT + oil, D + HD, and D + MD (p = 0.005; p = 0.002, p = 0.001, and p = 0.001, respectively). Similarly, D + AT + HD showed a more notable upregulation of PGC-1α compared to D + AT + oil, D + HD, and D + MD (p = 0.002; p = 0.001, and p = 0.001, respectively). Pearson correlation tests showed significant and negative correlations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin levels and both visceral fat (r = − 0.365; p = 0.005) and HOMA-IR (r = − 0.118; p = 0.009); while positive and significant correlations between the liver-to-bodyweight ratio with both ALT and AST enzymes and also between QUICKI levels with LXRα (r = 0.578; p = 0.001) and PGC-1α (r = 0.628; p = 0.001). Combined administration of aerobic training and vitamin D supplementation potentially improves liver enzymes in type-2 diabetic rats that were simultaneous with upregulating the levels of PGC-1α and LXRα proteins in hepatocytes. These improvements were more significant when combining exercise with high-dose vitamin D supplementation. This study highlights the potential of this combination therapy as a new diabetes treatment strategy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Aerobic training with moderate or high doses of vitamin D improve liver enzymes, LXRα and PGC-1α levels in rats with T2DM

Hoseini,

Behpour,

Hoseini

2024

Sci Rep

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“…Several published articles have studied the effects of different kinds of medicinal herbs in combination with exercise training on plasma liver enzymes [53][54][55][56]. Although the mechanism(s) by which the aqueous Rosehip fruit extraction can exert its anti-glycemic, anti-lipidemic antioxidant effect on the plasmatic liverrelated enzymes, total bilirubin, creatinine, TG, TC and other biochemical variables is not fully understood we postulate that vitamin C and its related family are acting as an antioxidant in the Rosa species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Endurance Training with or without Rosehip Fruits (Rosa canina L) Extraction and D-galactose Solution on Plasmatic Liver Enzymes, Lipid Profiles, Selected Biochemical Variables in Male Rats

Ghanbari–Niaki

Rahmati-Ahmadabad

Broom

et al. 2022

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

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The aims of the present study were to examine the effects of D-galactose (DG) supplementation on plasma aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatinine, albumin, urea, bilirubin, cholesterol, and triglyceride. We also investigated the effects of Rosehip (Rosa canina L) fruit extraction and endurance exercise training on DG-induced changes in the aforementioned variables in male rats. Eighty-six male rats were randomly assigned to 8 groups 1) Control Saline 2) Training Saline 3) Control D-galactose 4) Training D-galactose 5) Control Rosehip 6) Training Rosehip 7) Control combined group and 8) Training combined group. Animals received experiments on the base of groups' names (eight weeks and five times per week). Seventy-two hours after the last training or control session plasma was collected. The results showed that endurance training significantly increased plasma albumin while reducing ALT and creatinine. Rosehip significantly reduced plasma AST, creatinine, urea, cholesterol, and triglyceride, and increased bilirubin. A combination of training and Rosehip causes an additive effect HIGHLIGHTS • Exercise increases plasma albumin, while reducing ALT and creatinine.• Rosehip reduces AST, creatinine, urea, cholesterol, and triglyceride.• D-galactose increases ALT, AST, ALP, creatinine, urea, cholesterol, and triglyceride.• Rosehip adjusts the changes induced by D-galactose on some variables.

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“…The mean age of the participants varied from 20 to 63 years old. The trials were performed in Iran [55,56,[59][60][61][62]64,65,[67][68][69][70]72,73,[75][76][77]79,81,82], Italy [52,53,84], the Czech Republic [54,58], Iraq [57,63,66], Malaysia [74], Egypt [71], Pakistan [80,83], and Australia [78]. They were conducted among healthy individuals [54,72,73,78], patients with cirrhosis [52,53], diabetic nephropathy [64], diabetes mellitus [55][56][57]59,63,65,67,70,71,…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They were conducted among healthy individuals [54,72,73,78], patients with cirrhosis [52,53], diabetic nephropathy [64], diabetes mellitus [55][56][57]59,63,65,67,70,71,75,77,79,80,83,84], metabolic syndrome [58], hyperlipidemia [66], β-thalassemia major (β-TM) [61], non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) [60,69,76,82], nonalcoholic steatohepatitis [62,68,74], and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) [81]. One study was implemented among women [79] and five among men [54,72,73,77,78], whereas the majority of the trials comprised both sexes. The daily intake of SIL supplements varied between 140 and 2100 mg.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of Supplementation with Silymarin on Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Dose–Response Meta-Analysis

Mohammadi,

Asbaghi,

Afrisham

et al. 2024

Antioxidants

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It has been suggested that silymarin (SIL) supplementation has positive effects on cardiovascular health and reduces the risk of cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS). This systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis assessed the impacts of SIL administration on cardiovascular risk factors. A systematic search of multiple databases was performed to identify eligible controlled trials published up to January 2023. The analysis used a random-effects model and included 33 trials with 1943 participants. It was revealed that SIL supplementation led to a notable reduction in serum levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG) (weighted mean difference (WMD): −21.68 mg/dL, 95% CI: −31.37, −11.99; p < 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (WMD: −1.25 mmHg; 95% CI: −2.25, −0.26; p = 0.013), total cholesterol (TC) (WMD: −13.97 mg/dL, 95% CI: −23.09, −4.85; p = 0.003), triglycerides (TG) (WMD: −26.22 mg/dL, 95% CI: −40.32, −12.12; p < 0.001), fasting insulin (WMD: −3.76 mU/mL, 95% CI: −4.80, −2.72; p < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (WMD: −17.13 mg/dL, 95% CI: −25.63, −8.63; p < 0.001), and hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) (WMD: −0.85%, 95% CI: −1.27, −0.43; p < 0.001) in the SIL-treated groups compared to their untreated counterparts. In addition, there were no substantial differences in body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), C-reactive protein (CRP), body weight, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) between the two groups. These outcomes suggest that SIL consumption reduces certain CMS risk factors and has favorable impacts on lipid and glycemic profiles with potential hypotensive effects. These findings should be supported by additional trials with larger sample sizes and longer durations.

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Effect of aerobic training with silymarin consumption on glycemic indices and liver enzymes in men with type 2 diabetes

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Aerobic training with moderate or high doses of vitamin D improve liver enzymes, LXRα and PGC-1α levels in rats with T2DM

Aerobic training with moderate or high doses of vitamin D improve liver enzymes, LXRα and PGC-1α levels in rats with T2DM

Effects of Endurance Training with or without Rosehip Fruits (Rosa canina L) Extraction and D-galactose Solution on Plasmatic Liver Enzymes, Lipid Profiles, Selected Biochemical Variables in Male Rats

Impacts of Supplementation with Silymarin on Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Dose–Response Meta-Analysis

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