Effect of acetylacetone metal salts on curing mechanism and thermal stability of polybenzoxazine

Abstract

To overcome high water absorption of inorganic metal salts and their poor compatibility with resin, acetylacetone metal salts (M(acac) n) were selected as the catalysts of benzoxazine resin. Their effects on the catalytic activity, structure, and thermal stability of polybenzoxazine had been estimated by dynamic differential scanning calorimetry, in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and thermal gravimetric analyzer. The results revealed that M(acac) n of iron (Fe3+), cobalt (Co3+ and Co2+), and copper (Cu2+) exhibited high catalytic activity and reduced evidently activation energy, especially acetylacetone iron salt. The addition of M(acac) n was beneficial to the formation of Ph–N–Ph structure, which was easy to form a denser carbon layer during thermal degradation, prevented heat transfer and further decomposition of the resin, and finally led to the increase of carbon residue at high temperature.

Development of Molding Compounds Based on Epoxy Resin/Aromatic Amine/Benzoxazine for High‐Temperature Electronic Packaging Applications

“…It is reported that the acetylacetonate metal complex shows high reactivity for both epoxy and benzoxazine, as well as the remarkable tolerance to moisture which is easy to store and transport in practical use. [33,34] Figure 1c shows the nonisothermal DSC curves and isothermal gelation time at 175 °C of EDB(5/1.5/5) with different Fe(acac) 3 content. Clearly, the two exothermic peaks both move toward low temperatures, and the gelation time decreases significantly, as increasing the Fe(acac) 3 content.…”

Catalyzing Benzoxazine Polymerization with Titanium-Containing POSS to Reduce the Curing Temperature and Improve Thermal Stability

“…Many substances can serve as BZ catalysts, which can be divided into acidic catalysts and alkaline catalysts based on their acidity and alkalinity. Acid catalysts include organic acids and Lewis acids, while alkaline catalysts consist of imidazole and amine compounds [ 32 , 33 ]. These catalysts can promote the cleavage of the CH 2 -O bond on the oxazine ring, shorten the curing temperature, and reduce the curing reaction time.…”