Effect of a Plateau Environment on the Oxidation State of the Heart and Liver through AMPK/p38 MAPK/Nrf2-ARE Signaling Pathways in Tibetan and DLY Pigs

Hu, Hong; Li, Yongxiang; Yang, Yuting; Xu, Kexing; Yang, Lei; Qiao, Shiyan; Pan, Hongbin

doi:10.3390/ani12091219

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…While we did not find any genes from 56 genomic regions showing significant genetic divergence (PBS > 1) that were differentially expressed in populations across the elevational gradient, there were shared biological pathways such as MAPK signaling and VEGFA-VEGFR2 signaling pathways, which are previously associated with adaptation to hypoxic environment [167][168][169] . We did not find evidence of genetic divergence or differential expression in some of the key genes such as EPAS1 gene (endothelial PAS domain protein 1, also known as HIF-2α) and EGLN1 (Egl Nine homolog 1), previously known to be associated with high-altitude adaptation.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

Long-term adaptation and short-term acclimation to high-altitudes in Tibetan Partridges (Perdix hodgsoniae)

Palacios

Wang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Short-term phenotypic plasticity and long-term genetic adaptation are two key evolutionary processes that mediate organismal persistence in a new environment. But generally, there are few vertebrate systems where the molecular architecture of such plastic and genetic changes has been simultaneously characterized. Birds residing across elevational gradients are known to thrive in rapid and long-term environmental stimuli, demonstrate quantifiable plastic and adaptive traits, and thus can be a suitable model system to study molecular mechanisms of phenotypic plasticity and genetic adaptation. Here, we studied three species from the genus Perdix (Phasianidae, Galliformes): Tibetan Partridge (Perdix hodgsoniae), Daurian Partridge (Perdix dauurica), and Grey Partridge (Perdix perdix) by using an integrative approach of population and comparative genomics, transcriptomics, and field-based transplantation experiments. We identified a 60-kilobase haplotype encompassing the ESR1 gene, a ligand-activated transcription factor, showing strong genetic divergence between populations of Tibetan partridges adapted to different altitudes. We identified six SNPs in the ESR1 gene fixed for derived alleles in high-altitude populations that are strongly conserved across vertebrates, which are likely key genetic changes associated with high-altitude adaptation in Tibetan partridge. We also identified strong genetic divergence in additional genes associated with the regulation of apoptosis pathways, possibly indicating genetic adaptation to long-term chronic hypoxia in a high-altitude environment. Transcriptome analysis identified regulation of apoptosis, glycolysis, and response to hypoxia as key pathways among differentially expressed genes between populations of Tibetan partridges residing across the elevational gradient. Similarly, transcriptome analysis in birds transplanted from high to low elevation have identified differential expressed genes related to the immune system, and to stress response (mainly heat). Comparative transcriptomics analyses among Tibetan partridges in their “native” and “transplanted” habitats indicated that there are different suites of genes responding to short-term physiological acclimation or long-term adaptation in this species. However, we found two genes associated with the HIF-1 signaling pathway; Lactate Dehydrogenase-A (LDHA) and Aldolase C (ALDOC) were differentially expressed both (a) across the native populations along the elevational gradient and (b) after experimental transplantation from high to low elevation. Our results highlight Tibetan partridges as a useful study system to explore the genetic architecture associated with short-term acclimation and long-term genetic adaptation to high altitudes.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

Long-term adaptation and short-term acclimation to high-altitudes in Tibetan Partridges (Perdix hodgsoniae)

Palacios

Wang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Another study investigated the effect of a plateau condition on oxidation in Tibetan pigs and Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire (DLY) pigs, and found that Tibetan pigs exhibited higher SOD, GSH-Px, and T-AOC levels, but lower MDA levels in the liver and heart. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of SOD, GSH-Px , and Nrf 2 in the liver and heart of Tibetan pigs were higher than those in DLY pigs, and the authors suggest that Tibetan pigs held a stronger antioxidant activity through the AMPK/p38 MAPK/Nrf 2 -ARE signaling pathways ( 38 ). Wang and Li ( 18 ) found that the Zinc-HSP ( Hohenbuehelia serotina polysaccharides) complex (20 mg/mL) not only had superoxide anion radical scavenging ability, but also did not affect the biological activity of Hohenbuehelia serotina polysaccharides when combined with zinc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary Chinese yam polysaccharide copper complex on growth performance, immunity, and antioxidant capacity of broilers

Zhang

Jin²,

Cao³

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Chinese yam polysaccharide (CYP) has received attention in recent years owing to its positive nutritional and medicinal characteristics. Copper is an essential trace metal in animals, which plays an important role in iron absorption and hemoglobin synthesis. However, no published study has evaluated Chinese yam polysaccharide copper complex (CYP-Cu) as a dietary additive in broilers. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary CYP-Cu on growth performance, immunity, and oxidative resistance in broilers. A total of 360 1-day-old 817 broiler chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups, with 3 replicates of 30 birds each and were fed a basal diet with the addition of 0 (control group), 0.02, 0.10, and 0.50 g/kg CYP-Cu. The feeding trial lasted 48 days. On day 28 and day 48, 6 broilers in each group were slaughtered, respectively. Then the parameters of growth and carcass, serum biochemistry, immunity, and antioxidation, and the expression level of hepatic antioxidative genes were investigated. The results showed that compared with the control group, the supplementation of dietary CYP-Cu could improve the indexes of the growth, carcass, serum biochemistry, immunity and oxidation resistance in broilers, such as average daily gain (ADG), the slaughter percentage (SP), semi-evisceration weight percentage (SEWP), eviscerated carcass weight percentage (EWP), breast muscle percentage (BMP), leg muscle percentage (LMP), serum albumin (ALB), high density lipoprotein (HDL), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), growth hormone (GH), insulin (INS), immunoglobulin M (IgM), immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin A (IgA), interleukin 2 (IL-2), interleukin 4 (IL-4), interleukin 6 (IL-6), complement 3 (C3), complement 4 (C4), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and glutathione s-transferase (GSH-ST); these parameters in the 0.10 g/kg CYP-Cu treated group were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the total trial period, with the exceptions that feed conversion ratio (FCR) and serum low density lipoprotein (LDL), malondialdehyde (MDA) were decreased in the total trial period. In addition, the antioxidative gene mRNA expression of Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), and Catalase (CAT) were upregulated in the liver (P < 0.05). These results indicated that the supplementation of dietary CYP-Cu improved the growth, immunity, and oxidation resistance of broilers, and the addition of 0.10 g/kg CYP-Cu in broiler diets is recommended, which suggests that CYP-Cu may be a promising green feed additive in the poultry industry.

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“…The parameters for thermal cycling were set in accordance with our published study [ 21 ]. Primers of Nrf2, SOD, GPX, CAT, Keap-1, TLR4, NF-κB, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, mucin-2, zonula occludens (ZO) -1, ZO-2, occludin, claudin-1, claudin-1 and glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) were obtained from other reports [ 19 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ] and are listed showed in Table S2 . All primers were commercially synthesized by Sangon Biotech Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Encapsulated Organic Acid and Essential Oil Mixture Improves the Intestinal Health of Weaned Piglets by Altering Intestinal Inflammation and Antioxidative Capacity

Liu

Jin

et al. 2022

Animals

Self Cite

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Simple Summary Weaning stress causes retarded growth, gut disorder and dysfunction, severe diarrhea and higher mortality in weaned piglets. Antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) have been conventionally used to alleviate the negative effects of weaning stress. However, the long-term use of AGP leads to various adverse effects, such as antimicrobial resistance and food drug residues, and threatens public safety. Therefore, AGP should be replaced with residue-free, pollution-free and toxin-free alternatives because several countries and regions have banned the use of AGP in the feed industry. This study investigates the effects of an encapsulated organic acid and essential oil mixture (OAEO) on the growth performance, immuno-antioxidant capacity and intestinal health of weaned piglets. The results reveal that OAEO as an alternative to AGP improved the growth performance, immuno-antioxidant status and intestinal health of weaned piglets partly by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway and suppressing the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Abstract This study investigates the effects of an encapsulated organic acid and essential oil mixture (OAEO) on the growth performance, immuno-antioxidant capacity and intestinal health of weaned piglets. In total, 120 weaned piglets (23 days of age; 6.96 ± 0.08 kg) were randomly allotted to four treatments (six replicates/group; five piglets/replicate): the control group (CON) was fed the basal diet (BD), the antibiotic growth promoters group (AGP) received the BD with 20 mg/kg colistin sulphate and 10 mg/kg bacitracin zinc, and OAEO1 and OAEO2 were fed the BD with 1000 mg/kg and 2000 mg/kg OAEO, respectively. The trial lasted 21 days and then one piglet per replicate was selected for sample collection. OAEO increased the average daily gain, spleen index, serum interleukin (IL)-10, immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgA levels; serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities; and jejunal villus height (VH), VH/crypt depth, goblet cell number, and amylase and trypsin activities ( p < 0.05) compared with CON but reduced the diarrhea rate, serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, malondialdehyde (MDA), and D -lactic acid contents and diamine oxidase (DAO) activity ( p < 0.05). OAEO also increased the jejunal zonula occludens-1, occludin, claudin-1, mucin-2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), GPX and IL-10 mRNA levels, GPX activity and IL-10 content ( p < 0.05) compared with CON but reduced jejunal MDA, IL-1β and TNF-α contents and Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4, nuclear factor (NF)-κB and TNF-α mRNA levels ( p < 0.05). In addition, AGP increased ADG, serum IgA level and GPX activity, jejunal trypsin activity and IL-10 content and mRNA level ( p < 0.05) compared with CON but reduced the serum TNF-α content and DAO activity and jejunal NF-κB mRNA level ( ...

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Effect of a Plateau Environment on the Oxidation State of the Heart and Liver through AMPK/p38 MAPK/Nrf2-ARE Signaling Pathways in Tibetan and DLY Pigs

Cited by 7 publications

References 47 publications

Long-term adaptation and short-term acclimation to high-altitudes in Tibetan Partridges (Perdix hodgsoniae)

Long-term adaptation and short-term acclimation to high-altitudes in Tibetan Partridges (Perdix hodgsoniae)

Effects of dietary Chinese yam polysaccharide copper complex on growth performance, immunity, and antioxidant capacity of broilers

An Encapsulated Organic Acid and Essential Oil Mixture Improves the Intestinal Health of Weaned Piglets by Altering Intestinal Inflammation and Antioxidative Capacity

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