Effect of a moderately energy-restricted diet on obese patients with fatty liver

Okita, Misako; Hayashi, Mayumi; Sasagawa, Takayo; Takagi, Koji; Suzuki, Kazuhiko; Kinoyama, Shingo; Ito, Toshio; Yamada, Gotaro

doi:10.1016/s0899-9007(01)00543-3

Cited by 67 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Increased proportions of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated (MUFA) fatty acids and dihomo-␥ -linolenic acid (DGLA) have been commonly observed in obesity-related disorders (11)(12)(13). In a previous study ( 14 ), we also observed elevated levels of SFA palmitic acid and MUFA oleic acid among the mononuclear-cell phospholipids in fatty liver patients. Recently, Li et al ( 15 ) suggested that the inhibition of hepatic stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1, the enzyme that catalyzes the desaturation of SFA palmitate and stearate to MUFA palmitoleate and oleate, respectively, is implicated in the development of hepatocellular apoptosis and steatohepatitis.…”

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confidence: 58%

Serum Cytokeratin 18 M30 Antigen Level and Its Correlation with Nutritional Parameters in Middle-Aged Japanese Males with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

Tabuchi

Tomioka

Kawakami

et al. 2010

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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Summary Cytokeratin (CK) 18 M30 antigen has been proposed as a diagnostic marker of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We studied serum CK18 M30 antigen level and examined the correlations among CK18 and biological data, dietary intake, and plasma fatty acid composition in middle-aged Japanese males with (NAFLD; n ϭ 42) and without NAFLD (control; n ϭ 35). NAFLD was diagnosed if subjects showed fatty liver on abdominal ultrasonography and their alcohol consumption was Ͻ 20 g/d. They were also confirmed to have negative serological results for tests of autoimmune liver disease and hepatitis B and C. In the NAFLD group, body mass index, waist circumference, serum M30 antigen, alanine transaminase (ALT), cholinesterase, triacylglycerol, LDL-cholesterol, and HbA1c were significantly higher than in the control group. In the fatty acid analysis of plasma phospholipids, significantly higher dihomo-␥ -linolenic acid (DGLA), total saturated fatty acids (SFA), and palmitic/linoleic acid ratio as well as lower arachidonic acid/DGLA ratio were observed in the NAFLD group compared with the control group. In the NAFLD group, M30 antigen was correlated positively with serum ALT, plasma DGLA, dietary SFA, and serum TNF-␣ as determined by partial correlation analysis controlled for BMI. On the basis of multivariate regression analysis using a stepwise method, M30 antigen was significantly associated with ALT and plasma DGLA. Regarding the determinants of NAFLD as revealed by logistic regression analysis, a high odds ratio was observed for plasma DGLA. In conclusion, members of the NAFLD group showed higher levels of serum CK18 M30 antigen and M30 antigen was strongly associated with serum ALT and plasma DGLA. Abnormal fatty acid metabolism may be a factor that causes aggravation of NAFLD.

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confidence: 58%

Serum Cytokeratin 18 M30 Antigen Level and Its Correlation with Nutritional Parameters in Middle-Aged Japanese Males with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

Tabuchi

Tomioka

Kawakami

et al. 2010

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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“…The spot corresponding to CEs was scraped from the plate and transmethylated with 2 mL of acetyl chloride : methanol (5 : 50, v/v) at 90˚C for 2 h. Heptadecanoic acid (17:0) was used as an internal standard. Fatty-acid methyl esters were analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography (Model GC-2014; Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) equipped with a 25 m ϫ 0.5 mm capillary column (HR-SS-10, Shinwa Chemical Industries Ltd., Kyoto, Japan) as described ( 20 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Plasma Fatty Acid Composition, Estimated Desaturase Activities, and Intakes of Energy and Nutrient in Japanese Men with Abdominal Obesity or Metabolic Syndrome

Kawashima

Sugawara

Okita

et al. 2009

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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SummaryTo examine predictive factors for abdominal obesity or metabolic syndrome, we investigated the association of plasma fatty acid composition, estimated desaturase activity, and nutrient intakes, with abdominal obesity or metabolic syndrome in Japanese males. Clinical characteristics, the fatty acid composition of plasma cholesteryl esters, and energy and nutrient intakes were analyzed in 3 groups: metabolic syndrome (MS, n ϭ 24), abdominal obesity (OB, n ϭ 43), and control ( n ϭ 27). The estimated desaturase activities were calculated by the ratio of 16:1 n-7/16:0, 18:3 n-6/18:2 n-6, and 20:4 n-6/20:3 n-6 in plasma cholesteryl esters as surrogates of the measure of the delta 9, delta 6, delta 5 desaturase (D9-16D, D6D and D5D) activities, respectively. Plasma fatty acid composition did not differ significantly between the OB group and the control group. The MS group had higher levels of palmitoleic, oleic, and ␥ -linolenic acids, but a lower level of linoleic acid than the control. Stronger D6D activity and weaker D5D activity were observed in the OB group. A higher level of D9-16D activity as well as a higher level of D6D activity and a lower level of D5D activity was observed in the MS group. A logistic regression analysis showed that the low D5D activity and high D9-16D activity were predictive of the development of abdominal obesity from controls (odds ratio ϭ 0.39, p Ͻ 0.05) and metabolic syndrome from abdominal obesity (odds ratio ϭ 2.44, p Ͻ 0.05), respectively. In the multiple linear regression analysis, D5D activity positively correlated with the intake of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). In conclusion, the estimated D5D activity was a predictive factor for abdominal obesity and the estimated D9-16D activity was a predictive factor for developing metabolic syndrome from abdominal obesity in Japanese male subjects. Dietary intake of EPA would play an important role in preventing abdominal obesity and the development of metabolic syndrome. Key Words delta 5 desaturase, delta 9 desaturase, dietary intake of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), abdominal obesity, metabolic syndrome Metabolic syndrome is a metabolic disorder that results from abdominal obesity. The syndrome includes insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidemia ( 1 ), and is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes ( 2 ). A high intake of fat, particularly fat rich in saturated fatty acids (SFAs), influenced obesity, insulin resistance and the progression of metabolic syndrome ( 3 , 4 ). A high intake of carbohydrate also induced insulin resistance, increased serum triacylglycerol concentrations and decreased serum HDL cholesterol levels ( 5 ). Thus, dietary nutrient intake plays an important role in the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome.The fatty acid composition of cholesteryl esters (CEs) in serum mirrors to a certain extent the dietary fatty acid composition and also reflects endogenous fatty acid metabolism ( 6-9 ). Fatty acid composition is used as an indicator of disease risk, because its alteration has b...

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“…NAFLD/NASH is assumed to be most effectively improved by weight control and by restricting lipid and calorie intake, thereby leading to normalized lipid metabolism. 9,10 Nevertheless, drug therapy would be a useful and an easy option because the modern lifestyle habits such as poor diet and lack of regular exercise are difficult to change. Ezetimibe is a relatively new and promising drug candidate for NAFLD/NASH therapy.…”

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A Human-Type Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Model with Advanced Fibrosis in Rabbits

Ogawa

Fujii

Yoshizato

et al. 2010

The American Journal of Pathology

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Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) progresses to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, which can lead to lifethreatening liver failure and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. The aim of the present study was to create a rabbit model of NASH with advanced fibrosis (almost cirrhosis) by feeding the animals a diet supplemented with 0.75% cholesterol and 12% corn oil. After 9 months of feeding with this diet, the rabbits showed high total cholesterol levels in serum and liver tissues in the absence of insulin resistance. The livers became whitish and nodular. In addition, the number of rabbit macrophage antigen-positive cells and the expression of mRNAs for inflammatory cytokines showed a significant increase. Moreover, fibrotic septa composed of collagens and ␣-smooth muscle actin-positive cells were found between the central and portal veins, indicating alteration of the parenchymal architecture. There was also a marked increase of mRNAs for transforming growth factor-␤1 and collagen 1A1. Comprehensive analysis of protein and gene expression revealed an imbalance of the antioxidant system and methionine metabolism. We also found that ezetimibe attenuated steatohepatitis in this model. In conclusion , the present rabbit model of NASH features advanced fibrosis that is close to cirrhosis and may be useful for analyzing the molecular mechanisms of human NASH. Ezetimibe blunted the development of NASH in this model, suggesting its potential clinical usefulness for human steatohepatitis.

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Effect of a moderately energy-restricted diet on obese patients with fatty liver

Cited by 67 publications

References 17 publications

Serum Cytokeratin 18 M30 Antigen Level and Its Correlation with Nutritional Parameters in Middle-Aged Japanese Males with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

Serum Cytokeratin 18 M30 Antigen Level and Its Correlation with Nutritional Parameters in Middle-Aged Japanese Males with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

Plasma Fatty Acid Composition, Estimated Desaturase Activities, and Intakes of Energy and Nutrient in Japanese Men with Abdominal Obesity or Metabolic Syndrome

A Human-Type Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Model with Advanced Fibrosis in Rabbits

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