Effect of 6-Gingerol on Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Production and Costimulatory Molecule Expression in Murine Peritoneal Macrophages

Hepatoprotection of emodin andPolygonum multiflorumagainst CCl4-induced liver injury

“…In this study, WEP and emodin significantly decreased the gross lesion scores and TNF-α production. We hypothesize that the effect of WEP on TNF-α and IL-1β may be mediated either by suppressing the activation of this pro-inflammatory mediator and its transcriptional regulator (Frongoza et al, 2004;El-Abhar et al, 2008), and/or by inhibiting its production from macrophages (Tripathi et al, 2007). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report that emodin and WEP may influence the generation of TNF-α and IL-1β WEP and emodin significantly reduced the levels of MDA, AST, ALT, TNF-α, and IL-1β in rats treated with CCl 4 , suggesting that WEP and emodin may prevent liver damage.…”

Use ofCordia dichotomabark in the treatment of ulcerative colitis

“…On the other hand, the methanol fraction of C. dichotoma bark decreased significantly the gross lesion scores, and production of both TNF-α and PGE 2 . The effect of the methanol fraction on TNF-α may be mediated either by blocking activation of this pro-inflammatory mediator and its transcriptional regulator (Frondoza et al, 2004), and/or inhibits its production from macrophages (Tripathi et al, 2007). Inhibition of PGE 2 , on the other hand, may follow that of TNF-α (Otani et al, 2006), or may result from its ability to inhibit cycloxygenase enzymes (Grzanna et al, 2005).…”

Repeated Oral Administration of a Squeezed Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Extract Augmented the Serum Corticosterone Level and Had Anti-Inflammatory Properties

“…2A). No cytokine production was apparent with [6]-gingerol 5,19) which was identified in the ethanol extract of ginger and regarded as the most representative active molecule (Fig. 2B).…”