Effect of 2–6 weeks of systemic steroids on bone mineral density in children

Kunyil, Athira; Pal, Somdipa; Sachdev, Namrita; Yadav, Tribhuvan Pal

doi:10.3345/cep.2021.00045

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 24 publications

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“…Therefore, this article aims to summarize this topic and draw some conclusions resulting from the already published works. 60 Number of articles published on the studies of estrogen complexes with cyclodextrins Steroids serve a variety of biological purposes, including, among others: constructing the cell membrane (cholesterol and phytosterols) [3], breaking down fats [4], controlling spermatogenesis [5,6] and secondary gender features (male hormones), increasing muscle mass [7], controlling various reproductive processes [8], contraception [9], and bone density (estrone, estradiol, and estriol) [10,11]. The last three compounds belong to the group of endogenous estrogens; however, the list of compounds with estrogen-like properties is much wider, as will be presented in this review.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Cyclodextrins/Estrogens Inclusion Complexes

Araj,

Szeleszczuk

2023

IJMS

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This review focuses on the methods of preparation and biological, physiochemical, and theoretical analysis of the inclusion complexes formed between estrogens and cyclodextrins (CDs). Because estrogens have a low polarity, they can interact with some cyclodextrins’ hydrophobic cavities to create inclusion complexes, if their geometric properties are compatible. For the last forty years, estrogen-CD complexes have been widely applied in several fields for various objectives. For example, CDs have been used as estrogen solubilizers and absorption boosters in pharmaceutical formulations, as well as in chromatographic and electrophoretic procedures for their separation and quantification. Other applications include the removal of the endocrine disruptors from environmental materials, the preparation of the samples for mass spectrometric analysis, or solid-phase extractions based on complex formation with CDs. The aim of this review is to gather the most important outcomes from the works related to this topic, presenting the results of synthesis, in silico, in vitro, and in vivo analysis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Cyclodextrins/Estrogens Inclusion Complexes

Araj,

Szeleszczuk

2023

IJMS

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Low bone mineral density can occur in children after shortterm systemic glucocorticoid treatment

Ahn¹

2022

Clin Exp Pediatr

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To the editor Osteoporosis in children with chronic diseases has long been recognized as a major endocrine complication during the preand posttreatment periods, possibly triggered by the disease itself or its treatment. Despite advanced and targeted management of childhood illnesses, the use of systemic glucocorticoids (GC) remains the cornerstone of treatment for various acute and chronic conditions, including infections, cancers, autoimmune disorders, respiratory distress, and neuromuscular disorders. 1) However, bone mass, shape, and bone metabolic status continue to significantly change during childhood and adolescence; thus, children are more sensitive to the detrimental effects of GC use because it exerts both direct and indirect adverse effects on the growth plate and developing skeleton, causing chondrocyte apoptosis, premature osteocyte death, and excessive bone resorption via prolongation of osteoclast survival. 1) Although age upon starting GC and its duration of use are major osteo toxic contributors, spontaneous recovery of bone mass follow ing treatment completion is a privilege of this specific age group. 2) Nevertheless, the extent of bone mass recovery after the cessation of therapy remains unknown. According to the International Society for Clinical Densitometry, pediatric osteoporosis is diagnosed when nontraumatic vertebral fracture (VF) is con firmed or, in the absence of VF, a clinically significant fracture history along with a bone mineral density (BMD) z score of less than -2.0 is measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). 3) Unfortunately, measuring BMD using DXA in younger children is challenging, and nontraumatic VF is easily overlooked due to its asymptomatic nature and normal BMD. 4) A Canadian multicenter observational cohort study determined the severity of the underlying disease, average daily and cumulative dose of GC, and duration of therapy (highest at 12 months of therapy) as predictive factors of incidental VF. 5) Although longitudinal cohorts from a large-scale population yield the most reliable results, Kuniyil et al. 6) presented a distinct study design that investigated the effect of GC on pediatric BMD for a short treatment period.This study highlights the detrimental effects of systemic GC use on pediatric BMD. DXA-interpreted BMD data (wholebody, lumbar spine, nondominant distal radius, and total body less head) of 25 patients with heterogeneous diseases (21 with tuberculosis, 2 with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, 1 with inflammatory bowel disease, and 1 with autoimmune hemolytic

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Effect of 2–6 weeks of systemic steroids on bone mineral density in children

Cited by 2 publications

References 24 publications

A Review on Cyclodextrins/Estrogens Inclusion Complexes

A Review on Cyclodextrins/Estrogens Inclusion Complexes

Low bone mineral density can occur in children after shortterm systemic glucocorticoid treatment

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