Efeitos do tratamento com closantel e ivermectina na carga parasitária, no perfil hematológico e bioquímico sérico e no grau Famacha de ovinos infectados com nematódeos

Abstract

Despite its known resistance, the sheep are subject to endoparasitoses, which are the main limiting factor for its production worldwide, especially in tropical regions. This study aims to evaluate the changes in parasitic load, serum biochemical and hematological panel, and Famacha scores of mixed-bred sheep naturally infected with nematodes and treated with ivermectin and closantel. The study was conducted at July 2010, in a farm in the municipality of Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil. We selected 41 animals were divided into three groups: group I-control (without treatment), group II-treated with ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg), and Group III-treated with closantel (5mg/kg). Stool samples were collected on days 0, 7, 14 and 21 after treatment for quantitative analysis (EPG) and qualitative analysis (stool culture), we used samples from days 0, 14 and 21. The ϐirst blood sample was given on day 0, the second and third 24 and 72 hours after the ϐirst, respectively the fourth and ϐifth 7 and 14 days after the ϐirst of which analyzed the blood count, serum total protein, albumin and globulins, and albumin/globulins ratio. Famacha scores were determined the degree of each animal at all times of sampling. Closantel administration was effective in the treatment of helminthiasis, especially Haemonchus contortus in evaluated sheep. On the other hand, there was parasite resistance to ivermectin. Famacha data showed negative correlation with packed cell volume, leukocytes, hemoglobin, albumin, total protein, globulin and albumin/globulin ratio. The packed cell volume showed a strong and positive correlation with hemoglobin, albumin and total protein. Treatment with ivermectin and closantel were not responsible for considerable changes in hematological and biochemical parameters evaluated.

Epidemiology of Eimeria infections in sheep raised extensively in a semiarid region of Brazil

“…Even though eimeriosis is considered an emergent disease with a growing sanitary risk (TAYLOR, 2012), there are few studies about the epidemiology of eimeriosis in sheep raised extensively in semiarid regions, where the sheep industry plays a significant economic role (COSTA et al, 2011).…”

Nematophagous fungi and their influences on parasitic control in sheep

“…The population of parasites found in pastures and soil represents a highly impacting plot in the animal parasitic load, and its control is a determining factor. When larvae found in the pasture are not properly eradicated, a portion of these occurs, leading to the resourcefulness of a term known as a refugee, consisting of a group of parasites that remain active and infectious in the soil (Costa, 2011).…”

“…One form of control that tends to be promising is the use of the combination of predators (larvicides) and ovicidal, allowing diffusion of both species in an environment, and allowing the control and eradication of all parasitic forms. Tests performed by Costa (2011) demonstrated the feasibility of using such varieties of fungi, but mainly in vitro evaluations. Still, the greatest difficulty is to apply both types in the same soil environment and affect their joint action.…”

“…The range of use of the fungus D. flagrans is immense within animal species, often allowing its application in alternative scenarios, such as the mixture of mycelium in some culture mediums, affecting their development and facilitating their post-ingestion propagation. Tests conducted by Costa et al (2011) used mycelium from various soil samples, collected in the State of Minas Gerais -MG, mixed with a liquid medium, containing potato-dextrose, consequently being transformed into pellets for ingestion. The pellets containing mycelium of D. flagrans were efficient in crossing the gastrointestinal tract of asinine, as well as reducing infectious larval populations.…”

Intoxicação de ovinos que receberam duas aplicações de closantel, na dosagem terapêutica (7,5mg/kg), com intervalo de 28 dias

“…Os resultados referentes à eficácia do closantel, utilizando--se a contagem de OPG, são semelhantes aos encontrados por Costa et al (2011). O período de eficácia "persistente" do closantel, esta de acordo com os relatos de Hennessy et al (1993).…”