Efeitos do exercício físico sobre o estado redox cerebral

Abstract

Physical activity is known for promoting health and well-being. Exercise is also responsible for increasing the production of Oxygen Reactive Species (ORS) by increasing mitochondrial oxygen consumption causing tissue oxidative stress. The imbalance between ORS production and tissue antioxidant defenses can cause oxidative damage to proteins, lipids and DNA. Brain oxidative damage is a common etiopathology mechanism of apoptosis and neurodegeneration. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor plays an important role in this context. In this review, we showed the results of different models and configurations of physical exercise in oxidative and neurotrophic metabolism of the Central Nervous System (CNS). We also reviewed studies that utilized antioxidant supplementation to prevent exercise-induced oxidative damage to CNS. The commonest physical exercise models were running wheels, swimming and treadmill with very different configurations of physical training such as duration and intensity. The results of physical training on brain tissues are very controversial, but generally show improvement in synaptic plasticity and cognition function with low and moderate intensity exercises.

Looking at the Impact of Physical Activity on Gliobastomas Multiforme and Redox Metabolism

“…Due to the increase in O 2 consumption, there is an increase in the concentration of ROS, and the brain tissue is markedly sensitive to oxidative stress. On the other hand, there is an increase in the production of neurotrophins, promoting, for example, neuroplasticity [9,10].…”

MicroRNA-27b Expression in Rats Submitted to Physical Exercise and Experimental Cerebral Ischemia

“…Rodents are the main animals used in physical exercise protocols related to the study of brain functions and their mechanisms in experimental research (Aguiar Jr. & Pinho, 2007). In situations where physical exercise precedes cerebral ischemia, it promotes cerebral neuroprotection in rats, among the mechanisms involved, we can highlight the decrease in the inflammatory reaction, the decrease in cerebral edema, and the increase in neuronal tissue protective proteins (Damázio et al, 2015).…”

Efeito da atividade física em ambiente enriquecido sobre o músculo esquelético de camundongos com caquexia associado ao melanoma cutâneo

“…Pensando em melhores estratégias experimentais de exercício ou atividade física com camundongos para intervenção do quadro caquético, Aguiar Jr e Pinho 11 , relatam que estudos com modelos de atividade física em ambiente enriquecido têm resultados importantes na saúde em geral dos roedores, mas ainda, não têm modelos experimentais com caquexia associadas ao câncer que mostram tais benefícios, principalmente, em função da estrutura músculo esquelética. Desta forma, o presente estudo teve como objetivo, verificar os efeitos da atividade física em ambiente enriquecido sobre histomorfometria do músculo quadríceps femoral de camundongos C57BL/6 com caquexia associada ao modelo tumoral singênico de melanoma cutâneo.…”