Efectos de los fungicidas organofosforados y carbamatos en la salud de los escolares / Effects of organophosphate and carbamate  fungicides in school health

Luna, Jovanny Santos; Osorio, Marisela Segura; Galvan, Diana Sanmartin; Rodriguez, Jhonny Perez; Pelaez, Sandra Falconi

doi:10.29076/issn.2528-7737vol8iss16.2015pp62-67p

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“…It must be emphasized that the current Ecuadorian regulation, 8–10 does not detail specific parameters of the technical procedures for the recycling of this waste establishing only the general requirements for its final disposal; therefore, there is a risk of the products obtained from the recycling process being used later as raw material for the manufacture of toys or even plastic containers that are in contact with drugs or food. 4,8,9,11 Investigations carried out in Ecuador address the impact of the carbon footprint, the use of water, and the use of agrochemicals and their impact on health; 6,7,12–17 however, studies regarding the characterization of the agrochemical content are scarce. In Latin America, there are some publications about the environmental impact that the “bagging” of bananas could cause, 18 and on the mechanical recycling of these residues, but without a preliminary characterization of the starting material in relation to its level of contamination and degradation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical possibilities for recycling plastics from agribusiness

Cadena

Aldás

Aguilar

et al. 2021

Progress in Rubber, Plastics and Recycling Technology

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Plastic waste generated by the Ecuadorian agro-industrial sector represents one of the main environmental impacts, particularly in floricultural and banana production, as a result of its use as a greenhouse cover and as a protective element for the fruit cluster, respectively. The situation become more complicated because of the level of degradation caused by environmental exposure and the degree of contamination due to the use of agrochemicals that plastics present once their useful life has expired. The current research was divided into two stages: characterization of plastic waste and conditioning prior to reprocessing. The results revealed the plastic waste of the floricultural and banana sector, whose predominant material corresponds to LDPE and HDPE, respectively, presents a level of contamination that allows them to be considered as “non-hazardous” waste, which allows them to be recycled, but their processes must be properly controlled and carried out by qualified people. The level of degradation in the exposed banana bags showed losses of mechanical properties of tensile less than 50%, which means that the material is not degraded and it is feasible to recycle it directly. Additionally, the FTIR-ATR spectra on both sides of the film in the samples did not register representative bands of oxidation. On the other hand, in the greenhouse waste, the losses of mechanical properties of tensile strength above 50% as well as the noticeable formation of carbonyl groups in the structure of the material showed the degradation of the plastic. Therefore, the feasibility of recycling will depend on the incorporation of virgin material. The conditioning of the waste for subsequent recycling revealed the need of a washing process consisting of four stages: initial cleaning, pre-wash, washing, and air-drying.

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