Efecto de la temperatura y radiación en la producción de glucósidos de esteviol en Stevia rebaudiana en el caribe húmedo colombiano

Abstract

Stevia, a semi-perennial herbaceous plant, native of Paraguay, has demonstrated its versatility to adapt in different environments in the world. This plant is characterized by the synthesis of steviol (diterpene) glycosides that can be, up to 300 times, sweeter than sucrose. These substances are synthesized in the same pathway as gibberellins, so factors such as light and temperature that normally affect hormone synthesis, also may have a significant effect on steviol glycoside synthesis. The research was carried out in Monteria-Cordoba, for three seasons between 2006 and 2007 to determine the effect of photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) and maximum and minimum temperatures, on the concentration of glycosides of Morita 1 and Morita 2 genotypes. A factorial arrangement of 3 (seasons) x 2 (genotypes) was used, with 12 repetitions in a complete randomized experimental design. In general terms, the genotypes responses varied according to planting season, the effects of PAR and the temperatures indicated a positive correlation (p ≤ 0.05) between them and synthesis of glycosides for Morita 1, while for Morita 2 it was only obvious to the PAR. Although there was an increase in total glycosides, this was not found for rebaudioside A.