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ResumenEl objetivo del estudio fue identificar líneas de fríjol caupí con alto contenido de proteína y minerales, a partir de una población nativa. El fríjol caupí constituye una alternativa nutricional importante en el Caribe colombiano. Se evaluaron 39 líneas de fríjol caupí y cinco testigos, incluyendo la población parental, bajo el diseño completamente al azar con cinco repeticiones. El análisis de varianza reveló variabilidad genética entre los genotipos en relación con los contenidos de proteína, calcio, magnesio y potasio, lo que sugiere la posibilidad de obtener cultivares con ventajas nutricionales para los consumidores. Se identificaron las líneas L-047, L-042, L-026, L-029, L-019 y L-002, cuyos contenidos de proteína superaron al del parental Criollo-Córdoba entre 6,28% y 8,42%. Estas líneas promisorias podrían ser usadas, en el corto plazo, como variedades o como fuente de genes en programas de mejoramiento genético orientados a la biofortificación de cultivares de la misma especie. Palabras clave: deficiencias nutricionales; proteína; fósforo; hierro; genotipos de fríjol caupí Nutritional Content of Cowpea Bean Lines (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) Selected from a Creole Population AbstractThe objective of the study was to identify cowpea lines with protein and minerals high content, from one native population. Cowpea bean is an important nutritional alternative in the Colombian Caribbean. Thirty nine cowpea lines and five controls, including the parental population, under completely randomized design with five replications were evaluated. The analysis of variance revealed genetic variability between genotypes, suggesting the possibility of obtaining cultivars with nutritional benefits for consumers. The lines L-047, L-042, L-026, L-029, L-019 and L-002, whose protein content exceeded the parental Criollo-Córdoba between 6.28% and 8.42%, were identified. These promising lines could be used in the short term, as varieties or as a source of genes in breeding programs oriented to biofortification of cultivars of the same species.

Soils contaminated by potentially toxic elements (PTEs) as a result of anthropogenic activities such as mining are a problem due to the adverse effects on human and environmental health, making it necessary to seek sustainable strategies to remediate contaminated areas. The objective of this study was to evaluate the species Clidemia sericea D. Don for the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with PTEs (Hg, Pb, and Cd) from gold mining activities. The study was conducted for three months, with soils from a gold mining area in northern Colombia, and seeds of C. sericea, under a completely randomized experimental design with one factor (concentration of PTEs in soil) and four levels (control (T0), low (T1), medium (T2), and high (T3)), each treatment in triplicate, for a total of twelve experimental units. Phytotoxic effects on plants, bioconcentration (BCF), and translocation (TF) factors were determined. The results obtained for the tissues differed in order of metal accumulation, with the root showing the highest concentration of metals. The highest values of bioconcentration (BCF > 1) were presented for Hg at T3 and Cd in the four treatments; and of translocation (TF > 1) for Hg and Pb at T0 and T1; however, for Pb, the TF indicates that it is transferable, but it is not considered for phytoextraction. Thus, C. sericea demonstrated its potential as a phytostabilizer of Hg and Cd in mining soils, strengthening as a wild species with results of resistance to the stress of the PTEs evaluated, presenting similar behavior and little phytotoxic affectation on the growth and development of each of the plants in the different treatments.

Alkaline soils present large amounts of calcium carbonates, with precipitation of insoluble calcium phosphate. The objective of the research was to determine the effects of the P application on the nutrient levels of the foliar tissue of Pennisetum pastures in calcareous soils in Córdoba-Colombia. Soil samples were collected from two locations in the Department of Córdoba. A completely randomized design with a 2 x 3 x 6 factorial arrangement (Vista Hermosa and Carolina), there Pennisetum species (king grass, Cuba OM-22, and Pennisetum purpureum), and six P doses (0, 80, 150, 250, 400, and 650 kg ha-1), applied as P2O5, was used. The addition of P did not increase the contents of N, K, Ca, and Mg in the king grass, Pennisetum purpureum, and Cuba OM-22 pastures. However, in the calcareous soils of Carolina, king grass, Pennisetum purpureum, and Cuba, OM-22 absorbed higher amounts of P.

The Germplasm Bank of Stevia rebaudiana segregants of the University of Córdoba is a strategy for the use of genetic variability and efficient crop yield. There are genotypes with important characteristics such as: high tolerance to salt stress and climatic change (high CO2 in the Earth surface), late flowering, erect architecture, and high contents of steviol glycosides. However, there is a lack of in-depth studies of morphophysiological and biochemical indicators such as gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence, chloroplast pigments, and antioxidant systems, which allow us to develop early selection tools for elite genotypes. The genotypes (L020, Morita II, and L102) were found to have elite characteristics such as high efficiency in water use, excellent biomass production, and a more robust antioxidant system than the genotypes (L057 and L082). The L020 genotype presented the highest content of stevioside and rebaudioside A, followed by the Morita II genotype. We found a close correlation between the electron transport rate and the mechanisms that increase photosystem complexes. In this sense, non-photochemical cooling modulated by the release of heat by the leaves is a fact that is confirmed by the greater activity of the xanthine pool to protect the photochemical complexes in S. rebaudiana.