Efectividad de un programa de orientación cognitiva con y sin tratamiento sustitutivo con nicotina en la cesación tabáquica en pacientes hospitalizados

Interventions for smoking cessation in hospitalised patients

“…All but 12 of the 50 studies contributed to the main comparison of a behavioural counselling intervention, classified by intensity, versus control. Eight that did not contribute (Campbell 1991; Campbell 1996; Ortega 2011; Rigotti 2006; Planer 2011; Simon 2009; Smith BJ 2011; Steinberg 2011) did not include a control group of usual care or less intensive counselling; the intervention tested in those studies was pharmacotherapy as an adjunct to behavioural support. Three studies that were performed in rehabilitation hospitals (Floter 2009; Haug 2011; Metz 2007) were also analysed separately from the studies conducted in acute care hospitals.…”

“…Counselling ranged in duration from less than five minutes to two hours. In nine studies, counselling was delivered on more than one occasion during the hospitalisation period (Borglykke 2008; CASIS 1992; Cossette 2011; Floter 2009; Metz 2007; Nagle 2005; Ortega 2011; Pederson 1991; Rigotti 1994). Most studies also included materials such as self-help booklets, relaxation audio tapes and video tapes.…”

“…Of these, 29 offered support by telephone (Caruthers 2006; CASIS 1992; Chouinard 2005; Cossette 2011; de Azevedo 2010; DeBusk 1994; Dornelas 2000; Floter 2009 ; Froelicher 2004; Hasuo 2004; Hennrikus 2005; Lacasse 2008; Lewis 1998; Metz 2007; Miller 1997; Ortigosa 2000; Quist-Paulsen 2003; Rigotti 1994; Rigotti 1997; Rigotti 2006; Simon 1997; Simon 2003; Simon 2009; Smith 2009; Smith BJ 2011; Smith PM 2011; Stevens 1993; Stevens 2000; Taylor 1990), nine provided in-person support in various settings (Borglykke 2008; Campbell 1991; Campbell 1996; Meysman 2010; Mohiuddin 2007; Pedersen 2005; Reid 2003; Steinberg 2011; Vial 2002), and two offered support by telephone and/or in-person (Ortega 2011; Planer 2011). Two studies used newer technologies to contact patients after discharge: Haug 2011 provided individual feedback letters, an internet-based smoking cessation program and offered email support and Reid 2007 used an Interactive Voice Response (IVR) system.…”

“…However, six studies tested the marginal value of adding NRT to a counselling intervention (Campbell 1991; Campbell 1996; Lewis 1998; Molyneux 2003; Ortega 2011; Vial 2002), three studies tested the marginal value of adding bupropion to a counselling intervention (Planer 2011; Rigotti 2006; Simon 2009), and two trials tested the marginal value of adding varenicline to a counselling intervention (Smith BJ 2011; Steinberg 2011). One trial (Simon 2003) tested the marginal value of adding counselling to pharmacotherapy with NRT.…”

“…In one study the smoking cessation intervention was part of a multicomponent risk intervention for patients with cardiovascular disease (DeBusk 1994); in this case the smoking cessation intervention was well-defined and met our inclusion criteria. Two studies had a third arm consisting of control patients who were not assigned randomly (de Azevedo 2010; Ortega 2011). We excluded the nonrandomised patients from analyses of these studies.…”