Efectividad de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares nativos de rizósfera de Agave como promotores de crecimiento de papaya

Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are benef icial symbionts of most terrestrial plants. This symbiosis brings benef its to both symbionts. The plant involved in the symbiosis is supplied with nutrients by the fungus that promotes plant growth, in exchange for energy for reproduction of the AMF. In this context, the effectiveness of multi-specif ic AMF inocula from the rhizosphere of Agave cupreata from Michoacán, Mexico, in promoting the growth of papaya plants was evaluated. An experiment was carried out in ten random blocks with eleven treatments: eight consortiums of AMF, a commercial biofertilizer based on AMF (EndoMic®), a reference strain (Claroideoglomus claroideum) and a control without AMF. One hundred days after establishing the experiment, we evaluated the variables plant height, stem diameter, dry biomass of foliage, root and total, foliar area, relative index of mycorrhizal dependence, mycorrhizal colonization and density of mycorrhizal spores. The data were analyzed through an analysis of variance and correlation. The results showed that two of the consortiums promoted plant growth eff iciently; the plants inoculated with the consortiums AD-MTu and CM-MT signif icantly increased (Tukey, P ≤ 0.05) dry biomass by 240 and 225%, respectively, relative to the control without AMF, while with the biofertilizer EndoMic® the increase for the same variable was only 12%. It is concluded that the use of consortiums of AMF promotes the growth of papaya and therefore could be used in nurseries or greenhouses.

Azospirillum sp. and mycorrhizal fungi: key microorganisms in sustainable agriculture

“…60,61,68,[76][77][78] There are numerous investigations that have the objective of evaluating the colonization and the effect of associated native mycorrhizal fungi on different plant species. 15,47,[79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91] Urgilés Gómez et al, 92 evaluated the effect of inoculation with native mycorrhizal fungi on the propagation of Alnus acuminata and Morella pubescens. The two species propagated in the greenhouse showed an improvement in growth when inoculated with propagules of mycorrhizal fungi, compared to the controls, and concluded that the symbiotic relationship between plant-fungus ensured their survival in the nursery and later in plantations for afforestation purposes, reforestation or restoration of ecosystems.…”

Helping Legumes under Stress Situations: Inoculation with Beneficial Microorganisms

“…However, bacteria are not the only microorganisms that are able to promote plant growth. Mycorrhizal fungi also can carry out this function, there being a symbiotic association between them and most terrestrial plants [44] favoring micronutrient absorption, resistance to diseases caused by pathogens, or reduction of plant stress caused by environmental factors [45].…”

Efecto de la aplicación de biofertilizantes sobre el rendimiento de maíz en parcelas con y sin cobertura vegetal

“…Una alternativa para sustentar la producción de maíz en el estado de Chiapas es la inoculación con microorganismos promotores del crecimiento denominados biofertilizantes (Rivero-Herrada, 2016). Las bacterias de los géneros Rhizobium y Azospirillum, así como los hongos micorrízicos del género Glomus (Quiñones-Aguilar et al, 2012) son los más utilizados. Otra estrategia usada por los productores agrícolas es la incorporación de abonos verdes/cultivos de cobertura (AVCC), los cuales son considerados como una alternativa importante para conservar e incrementar la fertilidad de los suelos, debido a que permite sustituir la aplicación de fertilizantes químicos e incrementar la productividad de los cultivos.…”