Educational Intervention Based on Health Belief Model on the Adoption of Preventive Behaviors of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Ranchers

Abstract

Background: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a fatal viral bleeding disease. Objectives: This study conducted in 2016 and its aim was to determine the effect of education on promoting preventive behaviors in ranchers against the disease based on the health belief model (HBM). Methods: In a quasi-experimental study, 183 subjects were selected and divided into intervention (n = 92) and control group (n = 91) using a multistage random sampling method. The data collection tool was a questionnaire, including specific and demographic questions that its validity and reliability was confirmed. At first, the data were collected in both groups and analyzed. An educational program based on the HBM, including educational content, media, and method was designed and two educational sessions were accomplished for experimental group. The data were analyzed by descriptive and analytic statistics with respect to the statistical significance level (P ≤ 0.05). Results: After the intervention, the mean scores of behavior (1.55 ± 2.2), perceived susceptibility (2.06 ± 3.69), severity (0.92 ± 1.96), perceived benefits (2.06 ± 5.26), self-efficacy (2.85 ± 4.69), and cues to action (0.57 ± 3.14) significantly were increased in the intervention group compared to the control group and a positive correlation was found among them and preventive behaviors (P < 0.05). Moreover, perceived barriers in the intervention group significantly were decreased and self-efficacy was the most important predictor for preventive behaviors (P < 0.05). Conclusions: HBM and particularly cues to action is an appropriate framework for educational interventions for promoting the preventive behaviors of Crimean-Congo fever among ranchers.

Promoting the adoption of behaviors to prevent osteoporosis using the health belief model integrated with health literacy: quasi-experimental intervention study

“…Besides, the educational intervention may has been able to determine the benefits of adoption of osteoporosis preventive behaviors more than before for the people in the intervention group by increasing awareness and HL. This result was consistent with the results of studies by Karimi Aval et al [ 38 ] and Khorsandi et al [ 40 ].…”

“…Another possible reason for the increase in perceived intensity could be an increase in the HL of the health volunteers in the intervention group. This finding was consistent with the results of studies by Karimi Aval et al [ 38 ] and Hazavehei et al [ 39 ].…”

“…Another probable reason for perceived sensitivity increment could be HL increment and thus creating sufficient perceived sensitivity [ 33 ]. This result was consistent with the results of studies by Parandeh et al [ 34 ], Jeihooni Khani et al [ 28 ], Karimi Aval et al [ 38 ], Sanaeinasab et al [ 35 ], and Shojaeizadeh et al [ 25 ].…”

“…In the present study, after the implementation of the educational intervention, the mean score of perceived benefits increased significantly in the test group and a significant difference was observed between the two groups in this regard. One of the reasons for increasing the score of perceived benefits could be the reduction of perceived barriers in this study [ 38 ]. Besides, the educational intervention may has been able to determine the benefits of adoption of osteoporosis preventive behaviors more than before for the people in the intervention group by increasing awareness and HL.…”

Predictors of Observance of Preventive Behaviors Toward Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever by Butchers in Qom City in Central Iran

“…In this study, the number of the participants whose education level was beyond high school diploma was higher than the number reported in Masoudy et al's study (17) in Sistan and Baluchestan Province yet, the education level of more than half of them was below high school diploma despite the direct relationships between education level as one of the main social factors of health and displaying healthier behaviors in workplaces (17). In Karimi Aval et al's study (28), people with lower education were more likely to get infected with CCHF. In our study, there was a significant relationship between perceived barriers and the use of personal protective equipment.…”