Education versus regulation: The case for regulating the indoor tanning industry

Benet, Suzeanne B.; Kraft, Frederic B.

doi:10.1057/jphp.2016.7

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Compliance levels inform public health practitioners and policy makers about IT legislations and are a necessary first step. We restricted the review to compliance with legislation and not with voluntary guidelines, because the latter shows poor compliance [ 31 , 60 , 61 ]. Due to differences in legislation and how each study operationalized compliance, the definition of compliance with legislations of interest varied between studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of compliance with indoor tanning legislation

et al. 2018

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BackgroundMany jurisdictions have enacted indoor tanning legislation in response to the health risks of artificial ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure. Key components of these legislations include banning minors’ access, requiring parental consent or accompaniment, providing protective eyewear, posting health warning signs, and communicating important health risk information. However, legislation must be complied with to be impactful. Evidence around compliance with indoor tanning legislations has not been synthesized and is an important step toward determining changes in practice due to legislation.MethodsA systematic review was conducted to obtain peer-reviewed literature about compliance with indoor tanning legislation worldwide. Six databases were searched, resulting in 12,398 citations. Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria (peer-reviewed scientific studies, published in English, focused primarily on compliance with indoor tanning legislations, and focused on commercial indoor tanning in indoor tanning facilities).ResultsCompliance with most aspects of indoor tanning legislation varied widely. There was good compliance for provision of protective eyewear (84 to 100%; mean = 92%; SD = 8). Compliance with age restrictions ranged from 0 to 100% (mean = 65%; SD = 25), while compliance with posting warning labels in the required locations within a tanning facility ranged from 8 to 72% (mean = 44%; SD = 27). Variation in compliance may be due to true differences, study methodology, or temporal trends.ConclusionsVariability in compliance with indoor tanning legislation, as found in this systematic review, indicates the legislations may not be having their intended protective effects on the public’s health. The reasons for such low and varied compliance with certain aspects of legislation, and high compliance with other aspects of legislation, deserve further attention in future research to inform best practices around ensuring high and consistent compliance with indoor tanning legislations worldwide.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-018-5994-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of compliance with indoor tanning legislation

et al. 2018

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“…Furthermore, prolonged UV exposure accelerates the skin's aging process, leading to premature wrinkles, burns, and other visible signs of skin damage [5]. The widespread accessibility of tanning options, including easily accessible gyms and spas, has exacerbated these issues, normalizing practices that are inherently harmful [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A scoping review: Screening questionnaires for identifying tanning addiction

Meisenheimer,

Sobotka,

Yang

et al. 2024

Cochrane Evidence Synthesis and Methods

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IntroductionThere is a growing body of evidence that ultraviolet (UV) tanning, whether practiced in indoor tanning salons or outdoors in the sun, is not only linked to detrimental health outcomes but is also addictive through both psychological and physiological mechanisms. In clinical practice, it can be challenging to determine which patients will continue tanning despite being at high risk for developing skin cancer. Our study seeks to identify all available screening questionnaires for tanning addiction that could be used in clinical practice and report on published measures of validity for each screening questionnaire.MethodsAn exhaustive literature search of EMBASE, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus was performed using search criteria including the concepts “UV” and “Addiction.” The most recent search was performed in March 2024 and included all articles from database inception to the time of the search. Studies were included if they reported on screening questionnaires for UV addiction. Articles were excluded from the study if they did not report primary data or did not report on measures of questionnaire validity. Methodology was created using best practices for scoping reviews.ResultsAfter identifying 171 articles, 106 articles underwent full‐text review, and 26 were included in data extraction. We identified nine questionnaires for tanning addiction, with the modified Cut‐down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye‐opener (mCAGE), and modified Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (mDSM) being most frequently reported on, and the Behavioral Addiction Indoor Tanning Screener (BAITS) being the most promising for future use.ConclusionsThis information should be used to choose questionnaires to be studied against a “gold‐standard” of a panel of psychologists. After defining accuracy of diagnostic tests, studies can be designed to examine interventions for treating tanning addiction, so at‐risk patients can receive specialized therapy, reducing the overall burden of skin cancers.

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Education versus regulation: The case for regulating the indoor tanning industry

Cited by 2 publications

References 31 publications

A systematic review of compliance with indoor tanning legislation

A systematic review of compliance with indoor tanning legislation

A scoping review: Screening questionnaires for identifying tanning addiction

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