Education level as a predictor of condom use in jail‐incarcerated women, with fundamental cause analysis

Abstract

Objective: To model condom usage by jail-incarcerated women incarcerated in U.S. local jails and understand results in terms of fundamental cause theory. Design, Sample, Measurements: We surveyed 102 women in an urban jail in the Midwest U.S. Chi-square tests and generalized linear modeling were used to identify factors of significance for women who used condoms during last-sex compared with women who did not. Stepwise multiple logistic regression was conducted to estimate the relation between the outcome variable and variables linked to condom use in the literature. Results: Logistic regression showed that for women who completed high school odds of reporting condom use during last sex were 2.78 times higher (p =.043) than the odds for women with less than a high school education. Among women who responded no to ever having had a sexually transmitted infection, odds of using a condom during last sex were 2.597 times (p = .03) higher than odds for women who responded that they had had a sexually transmitted infection. Conclusions: Education is a fundamental cause of reproductive health risk among incarcerated women. We recommend interventions that creatively target distal over proximal factors.

Nursing in a prison context: A focused mapping review and synthesis of international nursing literature

“…Of the 14 articles, five ( n = 5) were editorials (Peate, 2018, 2019, 2021a, 2021b, 2022), one ( n = 1) commentary (Shelton et al, 2020), one discursive paper (Jack & Irving, 2020) and one ( n = 1) literature review (Jack, 2021). Of the six primary research papers, four ( n = 4) articles used quantitative methods (Duran et al, 2018; Emerson et al, 2018; Kearney & Byrne, 2018; Kızılkaya et al, 2022) and two ( n = 2) used qualitative methods (Cukale‐Matos & Champion, 2022; Geana et al, 2021).…”

“…Of the qualitative methodologies used, one ( n = 1) study used semi‐structured interviews and thematic analysis (Cukale‐Matos & Champion, 2022) and one ( n = 1) study used telephone interviews and open‐coded analysis (Geana et al, 2021). Of the quantitative methodologies used, one ( n = 1) study used quasi‐experimental methods without a control group and conducted pre and post‐test evaluations (Kızılkaya et al, 2022), one ( n = 1) study used an exploratory, descriptive design (Kearney & Byrne, 2018) and two ( n = 2) studies used cross‐sectional methods (Duran et al, 2018; Emerson et al, 2018).…”

Factors predicting incarceration history and incidence among Black and Latino men who have sex with men (MSM) residing in a major urban center

“…The high prevalence of the incarceration predictors that we identified in this sample points to potentially synergistic socioeconomic forces that disproportionately impact Black and Latino MSM and is consistent with fundamental cause theory [ 29 , 30 ]. Specifically, one’s socioeconomic standing, as defined as wealth, social connections, knowledge and power, influences access to resources and to technical developments that determine the degree to which individuals can mitigate or navigate emerging risk factors over time [ 31 , 34 ]. Without such access, disparities in both disease and incarceration rates persist, even as individuals receive interventions (e.g., public health insurance or HIV transitional case management) to mitigate some of these risks [ 29 ].…”

“…These intersections of incarceration risk may be best understood by applying Fundamental Cause Theory. This theory holds that health disparities are determined by the degree to which someone has access to basic and innovative resources for health, well-being, and thriving [29][30][31]. Denied access to these resources results from systemic de-investment in communities in areas like education, information technology infrastructure, and business and organizational development for employment opportunity (e.g., redlining), and from punitive immigration and zero tolerance policies.…”

Educational technologies on sexually transmitted infections for incarcerated women

“…Incarcerated women are in this group, having the STI problem enhanced during their deprivation of liberty (3) . These women are more likely to be infected with an STI when compared to the general population (4)(5)(6) .…”