Education as the great equalizer: a theoretical framework

Bernardi, Fabrizio; Ballarino, Gabriele

doi:10.4337/9781785360459.00006

Cited by 25 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(42 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Breen ; Breen and Jonsson ; Hout ; Pfeffer and Hertel ). Part of the reduced OD association has been attributed to compositional change: as higher education expands, a greater proportion of the population is included in the more meritocratically functioning part of the labour market (Hout ; Pfeffer and Hertel ; see also Bernardi and Ballarino ). On the other hand, previous research has shown decreased returns to education, suggesting educational inflation (e.g.…”

Section: Changes In Origin‐education‐destination Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Certain social skills can be seen as productive in specific occupations by employers and wider social networks can improve employment chances (Erikson and Jonsson ). Advantaged families may be able to provide information on career and employment processes, and to form clearer career aspiration, when simultaneously employers can also favour applicants from specific backgrounds for a job (Bernardi and Ballarino ; Hällsten ).…”

Section: Parental Compensation Maintaining Inequalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The same could also occur independently of whether the parents pay attention to their weakening influence on education, if the labour markets have begun to value other family background related factors than education more than previously (e.g. Bernardi and Ballarino : 5).…”

Section: Changes In Educational Institutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Institutional change and parental compensation in intergenerational attainment

Pöyliö

Erola

Kilpi-Jakonen

2017

British Journal of Sociology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Previous research has shown how institutional changes, such as educational expansion, have weakened parental influence on educational attainment. We extend this analysis to occupational attainment and put forth a parental compensation hypothesis: as the origin-education (OE) association weakens, parents act to compensate for this in order to maintain their influence on the child's occupational attainment. We should see this as a strengthened origin-destination association net of education (net OD). Further, we study whether these compensatory actions are triggered by changes in educational institutions and whether the institutional changes that reduce educational inequality are the same ones that prompt parental compensation. We have linked data from five waves of the European Social Survey (2002-10) with data on educational institutions matched to birth cohorts born 1941-80 in 25 countries. We find weakened OE and strengthened net OD associations, supporting our parental compensation hypothesis. Multilevel mixed effects regression analyses reveal that reforms lengthening compulsory education, and the increased access to and the attainment of higher education have had a positive influence on parental compensation. As a conclusion, a later school leaving age seems to secure increased parental influence on children's occupational attainment, while parents seem to have reacted to a lesser extent on the changes in higher education.

show abstract

Section: Changes In Origin‐education‐destination Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Parental Compensation Maintaining Inequalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Institutional change and parental compensation in intergenerational attainment

Pöyliö

Erola

Kilpi-Jakonen

2017

British Journal of Sociology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nevertheless, the emphasis placed on human capital as the great equaliser has seriously been contested by subsequent studies (Acemoglu & Pischke, ; Bernardi, ; Blanden et al, ; Breen & Goldthorpe, ; Card, ; Corak, ; Ellwood & Kane, ; Erikson & Goldthorpe, ; Heineck & Riphahn, ; Machin, ; Mayer & Lopoo, ; Musick & Mare, ; Warren, Hauser & Sheridan, ). Moreover, empirical studies have shown that educational reforms do not explain much of the variability of intergenerational social mobility found in developed countries (Erikson & Jonsson, ; Shavit & Blossfeld, ).…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causal dynamics of poverty reproduction in EU countries

Papanastasiou

Papatheodorou

2018

Int J Soc Welfare

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study investigated causal mechanisms of poverty reproduction in EU countries by placing emphasis on the parental background effect on sons’ poverty risk after having controlled for endogeneity among observable and non‐observable effects of the involved mechanisms. The countries under investigation were old EU member states representing the four welfare regimes in the EU. Having employed path models and utilised EU‐SILC 2005 data, the analysis yielded no statistically significant direct effect of parental background on sons’ poverty risk in Denmark. Greece, however, exhibited a statistically significant and quite strong direct effect. Germany and the United Kingdom stood in‐between. Moreover, the analysis found indirect channels through which the parental background affects sons’ poverty risk. These findings are expected to enrich the academic discourse and inform the policy‐making process on poverty reproduction and social protection in the EU.

show abstract

“…Little research, however, has focused on school-age Eastern European migrants in Western Europe. Outcomes for this "1.5 generation" are arguably more important than those of their parents for the long-term economic and social health of countries (Kasinitz et al 2008), with education, historically a "great equalizer" (Bernardi and Ballarino 2016), standing apart as an especially important measure. Have the economic forces encouraging parents to move West had a net positive or negative impact on the children who accompany them?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A “Win-Win Exercise”? The Effect of Westward Migration on Educational Outcomes of Eastern European Children

Hoffmann¹

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Millions of migrants from Eastern Europe have sought better opportunities in Western European countries, yet few studies have assessed the impact of such moves on these migrants' children. This study implements a causal inference design relying on propensity score matching in order to isolate a causal effect of migration on children’s educational outcomes. It analyzes PISA test scores from 2012, 2015, and 2018 for children born in twelve Eastern European countries and living in eight Western European countries. Compared to their counterparts who remained in their countries of origin, migrants score lower. Once immigrant children are matched to non-immigrants with similar propensities to migrate -- estimated based on family and socioeconomic background -- the disparity for math scores disappears, while those for reading and science remain. In addition, children who migrate from within the EU, at older ages, and who are female face greater disparities.

show abstract

Education as the great equalizer: a theoretical framework

Cited by 25 publications

References 32 publications

Institutional change and parental compensation in intergenerational attainment

Institutional change and parental compensation in intergenerational attainment

Causal dynamics of poverty reproduction in EU countries

A “Win-Win Exercise”? The Effect of Westward Migration on Educational Outcomes of Eastern European Children

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About