EDOT polymerization at photolithographically patterned functionalized graphene

Kovaříček, Petr; Drogowska, Karolina; Komínková, Zuzana; Blechta, Václav; Bastl, Zdeněk; Gromadzki, Daniel; Fridrichová, Michaela; Kalbáč, Martin

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2016.11.018

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…A combination of several types of materials with different functionalities can be utilized to tailor new composites or devices with required functions. Graphene, graphene oxide and graphene platelets are currently utilized to improve the electrical, physical and mechanical properties of polymers [5][6][7][8][9][10]. Polymer matrices with graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) fillers are promising materials and are currently used in the automobile, defense and aerospace industries [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface modification of polyethylene/graphene composite using corona discharge

Popelka

Khanam

Al-Maadeed

2018

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Polyethylene/graphene composites are suitable for electromagnetic interference shielding applications and are often fabricated as sandwich structures. However, the hydrophobic character of these composites can lead to delamination. Corona treatment was used to enhance the surface hydrophilicity of composites prepared from linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) with different content (2, 4, 6, and 8 wt.%). This enhancement of wettability also led to good adhesion properties. The presence of GNPs in LLDPE had a positive effect on the surface properties after corona treatment. The surface free energy of the LLDPE/GNP composites increased by almost 64.6% for 2 wt.% of GNPs in the LLDPE/GNP composite, while the surface free energy of neat LLDPE increased by only 38.1%. The best improvement in adhesion properties after corona treatment was observed for 2 wt.% of GNPs in the LLDPE/GNP composite, while peel resistance increased by 137.9%. Various analytical techniques and methods proved that the changes in the surface morphology and chemical composition of the LLDPE/GNP composite after this treatment resulted in an improvement of adhesion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface modification of polyethylene/graphene composite using corona discharge

Popelka

Khanam

Al-Maadeed

2018

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…Graphene was prepared by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method on copper foil 52 . Isotopically labelled graphene layer was prepared using 13 CH 4 as a precursor 19 .…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene-enhanced Raman scattering on single layer and bilayers of pristine and hydrogenated graphene

Valeš

Drogowska-Horná

Guerra

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Graphene-enhanced Raman scattering (GeRS) on isotopically labelled bilayer and a single layer of pristine and partially hydrogenated graphene has been studied. the hydrogenated graphene sample showed a change in relative intensities of Raman bands of Rhodamine 6 G (R6G) with different vibrational energies deposited on a single layer and bilayer graphene. the change corresponds qualitatively to different doping of graphene in both areas. Pristine graphene sample exhibited no difference in doping nor relative intensities of R6G Raman peaks in the single layer and bilayer areas. Therefore, it was concluded that strain and strain inhomogeneities do not affect the GERS. Because of analyzing relative intensities of selected peaks of the R6G probe molecules, it is possible to obtain these results without determining the enhancement factor and without assuming homogeneous coverage of the molecules. furthermore, we tested the approach on copper phtalocyanine molecules. Enhancement of the signal in spectroscopy has crucial importance for detection and study of a low amount of species. For Raman spectroscopy, the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique is widely used 1 enabling even single-molecule detection 2. One of the restrictions of this approach is the limited stability of the metals that are needed to achieve signal enhancement 3. Recently, it was observed that graphene itself can provide significant enhancement of the Raman signal and the so-called graphene-enhanced Raman scattering (GERS) 4-6 was established. Note that both SERS and GERS can contribute to the molecular Raman signal together 7. Apart from the relatively good chemical stability of graphene, it was also found that graphene quenches photoluminescence 8 , which is important for practical experiments. The GERS was observed for various molecules 9-11 and also for other 2D materials, which were employed as active substrate 12. Furthermore, it was shown that the enhancement can be tuned by changing the Fermi energy of graphene (modified by the electrical field effect) 13 , by substitutional doping with heteroatoms 14,15 , or by chemical functionalization 16,17. More detailed studies demonstrated that the enhancement is also a function of the phonon energy of the specific vibration and also laser excitation energy 10. The observed effects were rationalized by a simple theoretical approach taking into account several different resonance processes 18. It was already shown previously that different doping of graphene induced by functionalization leads to a change in the relative intensities of individual GERS peaks of the probe molecules 16. The overall GERS enhancement depends on the laser excitation energy, lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), and highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energies of the probe molecules, the vibrational energy of the actual molecular Raman mode, and on the Fermi energy of graphene 18. Specifically:

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“…Several researchers have suggested that the diazotization of GO must be performed in organic solvents, in order to avoid the undesired side reactions of the aryl radicals with water affording phenolic compounds. [114][115][116][117]…”

Section: Diazotizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalization of Graphene Oxide with Porphyrins: Synthetic Routes and Biological Applications

2020

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Among the available carbon nanomaterials, graphene oxide (GO) has been widely studied because of the possibility of anchoring different chemical species for a large number of applications, including those requiring water‐compatible systems. This Review summarizes the state‐of‐the‐art of synthetic routes used to functionalize GO, such as those involving multiple covalent and non‐covalent bonds to organic molecules, functionalization with nanoparticles and doping. As a recent development in this field, special focus is given to the formation of nanocomposites comprising GO and porphyrins, and their characterization through spectroscopic techniques (such as UV‐Vis, fluorescence, Raman spectroscopy), among others. The potential of such hybrid systems in targeted biological applications is also discussed, namely for cancer therapies relying on photodynamic and photothermal therapies and for the inhibition of telomerase enzyme. Lastly, some promising alternative materials to GO are presented to overcome current challenges of GO‐based research and to inspire future research directions in this field.

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EDOT polymerization at photolithographically patterned functionalized graphene

Cited by 9 publications

References 51 publications

Surface modification of polyethylene/graphene composite using corona discharge

Surface modification of polyethylene/graphene composite using corona discharge

Graphene-enhanced Raman scattering on single layer and bilayers of pristine and hydrogenated graphene

Functionalization of Graphene Oxide with Porphyrins: Synthetic Routes and Biological Applications

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