EDM Operator Free from Schiff's Theorem

Asaga, Tomoko; Fujita, Tomohiro; Hiramoto, Makoto

doi:10.1143/ptp.106.1223

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Here, we note that the relativistic effects of nucleon EDM [13] free from Schiff shielding are also canceled out completely by electron screening as discussed in Ref. [4].…”

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confidence: 52%

Electric dipole moments (EDM) of ionic atoms

Oshima

2010

Phys. Rev. C

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Recent investigations show that the second-order perturbation calculations of electric dipole moments (EDM) from the finite nuclear size as well as the relativistic effects are all canceled out by the third-order perturbation effects and that this is due to electron screening. To derive the nucleon EDM from the nucleus, we propose to measure the EDM of an ionic system. In this case, it is shown that the nucleon EDM can survive by the reduction factor of 1/Z for the ionic system with one electron stripped off.I. Introduction. It is well known that the electric dipole moments (EDM) of the point nucleus can be completely canceled out because of Schiff's theorem [1,2]. In addition, the EDM of the nucleus with the finite size effects can be also canceled out by electron screening [3,4]. In electron screening, the second-order perturbation calculation is canceled out by the third-order perturbation estimation because of the difference in perturbative interactions between the nucleus and the electrons. That is, like in perturbation theory, the EDM interaction is always the first order in the EDM coupling constant, and in third-order perturbation calculations electron screening can become as large as the second-order effects of the nucleon EDM; therefore they can cancel each other out. This suggests that there is no way to measure any nucleon EDM in the neutral atomic systems.However, there may well be some claim that nuclear EDM can be extracted from Schiff moments [5,6] using theoretical EDM calculations [7]. As we explain later, the physics of the Schiff moments originates from the EDM interactions between nucleons and atomic electrons, and the EDM energy can be obtained from the intermediate atomic excitation. However, the nucleon EDM from the Schiff moments vanishes when the nuclear state is in the s state, and if it is in the p state, the nuclear EDM d A is suppressed as d A 10 −6 d n . Therefore, it is practically impossible to extract any nuclear EDM from Schiff moments.Here, we first show that the nucleon EDM arising from any kind of nuclear EDM interactions is completely canceled out. In fact, the nuclear operator Z i

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“…Here, we note that the relativistic effects of nucleon EDM [13] free from Schiff shielding are also canceled out completely by electron screening as discussed in Ref. [4].…”

mentioning

confidence: 52%

Electric dipole moments (EDM) of ionic atoms

Oshima

2010

Phys. Rev. C

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“…It is well known that the atomic EDM is mostly shielded by Schiff's theorem, and a finite EDM term free from Schiff's theorem only comes from the relativistic effects [6][7][8]. There are two contributions of nucleon EDM in atomic systems, the finite nuclear size effects and the relativistic effects of EDM operators which are free from the Schiff shielding.…”

Section: Relativistic Edm Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to obtain the EDM of atomic system, one has to find the relativistic effects in the EDM operators [7] since they are free from Schiff's theorem. In heavy atoms, electrons become relativistic, and therefore, the EDM of the atomic systems becomes larger than the electron EDM d e due to a large enhancement factor [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. In fact, the EDM of Cs atom has an enhancement as d Cs 91 d e (1.2) which is mainly because of the small energy difference between the ground state and the excited state with the opposite parity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this calculation, the enhancement of the atomic EDM comes mainly from the intermediate atomic excited states in the second order perturbation EDM energy since the excitation energy with the opposite parity is quite close to the ground state. However, there is also the first order perturbation energy of the relativistic effect on the atomic EDM though it is of the order of 10% of the electron EDM d e and therefore it is neglected in the Cs calculation [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nuclear electric dipole moment with relativistic effects in Xe and Hg atoms

2007

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The atomic electric dipole moment (EDM) is evaluated by considering the relativistic effects as well as nuclear finite size effects in Xe and Hg atomic systems. Due to Schiff's theorem, the first order perturbation energy of EDM is canceled out by the second order perturbation energy for the point nucleus. The nuclear finite size effects arising from the intermediate atomic excitations may be finite for deformed nucleus but it is extremely small. The finite size contribution of the intermediate nuclear excitations in the second order perturbation energy is completely canceled by the third order perturbation energy. As the results, the finite contribution to the atomic EDM comes from the first order perturbation energy of relativistic effects, and it amounts to around 0.3 and 0.4 percents of the neutron EDM d n for Xe and Hg, respectively, though the calculations are carried out with a simplified single-particle nuclear model. From this relation in Hg atomic system, we can extract the neutron EDM which is found to be just comparable with the direct neutron EDM measurement.

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“…The Schiff theorem states that the EDM of the individual particles cannot be measured if the constituents are interacting with nonrelativistic static Coulomb force. The EDM of the individual particles should show up when they are interacting with relativistic kinematics [11,12,13] or with strong interactions [14]. The EDM due to the former case is found in the heavy atomic system while the EDM of the latter case arises from the finite nuclear size effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleon EDM from Atomic Systems and Constraints on Supersymmetry Parameters

2005

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The nucleon EDM is shown to be directly related to the EDM of atomic systems. From the observed EDM values of the atomic Hg system, the neutron EDM can be extracted, which gives a very stringent constraint on the supersymmetry parameters. It is also shown that the measurement of Nitrogen and Thallium atomic systems should provide important information on the flavor dependence of the quark EDM. We perform numerical analyses on the EDM of neutron, proton and electron in the minimal supersymmetric standard model with CP-violating phases. We demonstrate that the new limit on the neutron EDM extracted from atomic systems excludes a wide parameter region of supersymmetry breaking masses above 1 TeV, while the old limit excludes only a small mass region below 1 TeV.

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EDM Operator Free from Schiff's Theorem

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Electric dipole moments (EDM) of ionic atoms

Electric dipole moments (EDM) of ionic atoms

Nuclear electric dipole moment with relativistic effects in Xe and Hg atoms

Nucleon EDM from Atomic Systems and Constraints on Supersymmetry Parameters

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