Growing
evidence demonstrates that global change can modulate mercury
(Hg) toxicity in marine organisms; however, the consensus on such
effect is lacking. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate
the effects of global change stressors on Hg biotoxicity according
to the IPCC projections (RCP 8.5) for 2100, including ocean acidification
(−0.4 units), warming (+4 °C), and their combination (acidification-warming).
The results indicated an overall aggravating effect (ln RRΔ = −0.219) of global change on Hg toxicity in
marine organisms, while the effect varied with different stressors;
namely, acidification potentially alleviates Hg biotoxicity (ln RRΔ = 0.117) while warming and acidification-warming have
an aggravating effect (ln RRΔ = −0.328
and −0.097, respectively). Moreover, warming increases Hg toxicity
in different trophic levels, i.e., primary producers (ln RRΔ = −0.198) < herbivores (ln RRΔ = −0.320) < carnivores (ln RRΔ = −0.379), implying increasing trends of Hg
biomagnification through the food web. Notably, ocean hypoxia appears
to boost Hg biotoxicity, although it was not considered in our meta-analysis
because of the small sample size. Given the persistent global change
and combined effects of these stressors in marine environments, multigeneration
and multistressor research is urgently needed to fully disclose the
impacts of global change on Hg pollution and its risk.