“…In the 4th series of Editorials on outstanding original papers published as “ Highlights in this issue” [1,2,3,] we focus on observations made in acute stroke patients admitted to our hospitals; these observations are based on their history, clinical findings or lab investigations that are not regularly assessed or considered to be relevant for the acute event. Although their importance as reliable biomarkers or useful predictors/moderators of early/late outcomes is still not very well known or although they have not been systematically studied in the past, they may influence future clinical trials of different types and lead to newly designed stroke research from different parts of the world.…”