Edge-driven convection

King, Scott D.; Anderson, Don L.

doi:10.1016/s0012-821x(98)00089-2

Cited by 567 publications

(372 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Milelli et al [2012] report that the length scale of the CVL is comparable to the length predicted by their model for a radial upwelling along the boundary of a circular continent with a radius similar to that of Africa. This model shares similar features with that of King and Anderson [1998], but the driving mechanism is differential cooling of the lithosphere along the ocean-continent margin. This will produce an upwelling perpendicular to ocean-continent boundary, in contrast to an edge-flow eddy that would produce upwelling parallel to the edge of the Congo Craton.…”

Section: 1002/2014jb011580mentioning

confidence: 59%

“…A more recent edge convection numerical model suggests that a corner-flow eddy in the upper mantle created at boundary of two terrains with significantly different lithospheric thicknesses would be stronger than the thermally driven flow described by King and Anderson [1995] in the absence of a large positive thermal anomaly beneath the thicker lithosphere [King and Anderson, 1998;King and Ritsema, 2000]. In this model, a downwelling would form at the edge of thick, cold lithosphere due to cooling and sinking of the surrounding mantle, while an upwelling would form beneath an adjacent terrain with thinner lithosphere.…”

Section: 1002/2014jb011580mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(d) Edge convection model with lateral flow of warm material from beneath the Congo Craton [King and Anderson, 1995]. (e) Corner-flow eddy model [King and Anderson, 1998;King and Ritsema, 2000]. (f) Lithospheric instability along continental margin [Milelli et al, 2012].…”

Section: Journal Of Geophysical Research: Solid Earthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lithospheric instability and the source of the Cameroon Volcanic Line: Evidence from Rayleigh wave phase velocity tomography

et al. 2015

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The Cameroon Volcanic Line (CVL) is a 1800 km long volcanic chain, extending SW-NE from the Gulf of Guinea into Central Africa, that lacks the typical age progression exhibited by hot spot-related volcanic tracks. This study investigates the upper mantle seismic structure beneath the CVL and surrounding regions to constrain the origin of volcanic lines that are poorly described by the classic plume model. Rayleigh wave phase velocities are measured at periods from 20 to 182 s following the two-plane wave methodology, using data from the Cameroon Seismic Experiment, which consists of 32 broadband stations deployed between 2005 and 2007. These phase velocities are then inverted to build a model of shear wave velocity structure in the upper mantle beneath the CVL. Results show that phase velocities beneath the CVL are reduced at all periods, with average velocities beneath the CVL deviating more than -2% from the regional average and +4% beneath the Congo Craton. This distinction is observed for all periods but is less pronounced for the longest periods measured. Inversion for shear wave velocity structure indicates a tabular low velocity anomaly directly beneath the CVL at depths of 50 to at least 200 km and a sharp vertical boundary with faster velocities beneath the Congo Craton. These observations demonstrate widespread infiltration or erosion of the continental lithosphere beneath the CVL, most likely caused by mantle upwelling associated with edge-flow convection driven by the Congo Craton or by lithospheric instabilities that develop due to the nearby edge of the African continent.

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Section: 1002/2014jb011580mentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: 1002/2014jb011580mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lithospheric instability and the source of the Cameroon Volcanic Line: Evidence from Rayleigh wave phase velocity tomography

et al. 2015

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“…It has been suggested that smallscale edge-driven convection may produce cold downwellings adjacent to boundaries of lithosphere with large thermal contrast [13,14]. One characteristic of the predicted downwelling is that the temperature anomaly is largest near the base of the thick lithosphere and much reduced at great depth.…”

Section: Geodynamic Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerical simulations predict cold thermal downwellings in the upper mantle adjacent to craton margins, where signi¢cant thermal contrast exists [13,14]. The relatively slow motion of the African plate and the large thermal contrast between the Archaean cratons and the oceanic lithosphere make southern Africa an ideal study area to search for small-scale downwellings adjacent to craton boundaries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal, hydrous, and mechanical states of the mantle transition zone beneath southern Africa

Blum

Shen

2004

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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Thermal evolution of the North Atlantic lithosphere: New constraints from magnetic anomaly inversion with a fractal magnetization model

Wang

Lin

et al. 2013

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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[1] Using recently published global magnetic models, we present the first independent constraint on North Atlantic geothermal state and mantle dynamics from magnetic anomaly inversion with a fractal magnetization model. Two theoretical models of radial amplitude spectrum of magnetic anomalies are found almost identical, and both are applicable to detecting Curie depths in using the centroid method based on spectral linearization at certain wave number bands. Theoretical and numerical studies confirm the robustness of this inversion scheme. A fractal exponent of 3.0 in the magnetic susceptibility is found suitable, and Curie depths are well constrained by their known depths near the mid-Atlantic ridge. While generally increasing with growing ages, North Atlantic Curie depths show large oscillating and heterogeneous patterns related most likely to small-scale sublithospheric convections, which are found to have an onset time around 40 Ma and a scale of about 500 km, and are in preferred transverse rolls. Hotspots in North Atlantic also contribute to large geothermal and Curie-depth variations, but they appear to connect more closely to geochemical anomalies or small-scale convection than to mantle plumes. Curie depths can be correlated to heat flow gridded in a constant 1 interval, which reveals decreasing effective thermal conductivity with depths within the magnetic layer. North Atlantic Curie points are mostly beneath the Moho, suggesting that the uppermost mantle is magnetized from serpentinization and induces long-wavelength magnetic anomalies. Small-scale convection and serpentinization together may cause apparent flattening and deviations in heat flow and bathymetry from theoretical cooling models in old oceanic lithosphere.

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Edge-driven convection

Cited by 567 publications

References 17 publications

Lithospheric instability and the source of the Cameroon Volcanic Line: Evidence from Rayleigh wave phase velocity tomography

Lithospheric instability and the source of the Cameroon Volcanic Line: Evidence from Rayleigh wave phase velocity tomography

Thermal, hydrous, and mechanical states of the mantle transition zone beneath southern Africa

Thermal evolution of the North Atlantic lithosphere: New constraints from magnetic anomaly inversion with a fractal magnetization model

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