Edema pulmonar hidrostático: aspectos na tomografia computadorizada de alta resolução

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to use high-resolution computed tomography scans of the chest to characterize the principal alterations occurring in cases of hydrostatic pulmonary edema. Methods: A retrospective analysis was made of the tomography scans of 15 patients presenting clinical profiles of hydrostatic pulmonary edema. The cases were divided into five groups by etiology: congestive heart failure (n = 7); acute mitral valve disease (n = 2); acute myocardial infarction (n = 2); myocarditis (n = 2); and fibrosing mediastinitis (n = 2). Results: The principal findings in the cases of hydrostatic pulmonary edema were ground-glass opacities (in 100%), interlobular septal thickening (in 100%), pleural effusion (in 87%) and peribronchovascular interstitial thickening (in 80%). Other, less common, findings were increased blood vessel diameter, consolidations and air-space nodules. Conclusion: The predominant pattern found in the patients studied was that of ground-glass opacities accompanied by interlobular septal thickening (mosaic attenuation pattern) and bilateral (predominantly right-sided) pleural effusion.

High-resolution computed tomography illustrating pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis in a patient with advanced pancreatic cancer: a case report

“…The differential diagnosis of dyspnea in a patient with advanced cancer and diffuse interstitial pulmonary infiltrates in chest radiograph is extensive, including viral pneumonia [1], hydrostatic pulmonary interstitial edema [2], chemotherapeutic drugs-induced lung toxicity [3], and lymphangitic carcinomatosis [4]. Since lung biopsies carry a high risk for complications in these patients [5], the characteristic findings of lymphangitic carcinomatosis on HRCT make great contributions to the differential diagnosis [6].…”

Cytokine–Ion Channel Interactions in Pulmonary Inflammation

“…Cardiogenic pulmonary edema (also called hydrostatic or hemodynamic edema) ( 2 ) is caused by an increased capillary hydrostatic pressure, secondary to an elevated pulmonary venous pressure ( 18 ) (Figure 2 , left panel). This type of edema can occur following left ventricular heart failure, renal failure, or fluid overload, or arteriovenous shunts or fistulas.…”

“…There is some evidence that direct injury, such as pneumonia, aspiration, or pulmonary contusion, mainly affects epithelial barriers, whereas indirect blood-borne insults such as severe sepsis, non-thoracic trauma, pancreatitis, or burns may predominantly target the capillary endothelium ( 34 ). Permeability edema accompanies a spectrum of illnesses, ranging from the less severe form of ALI to ARDS ( 18 ). Variations in histology and in fluid management strategies suggest different ARDS subphenotypes ( 31 ).…”

Caso 4/2009: homem de 55 anos com cardiomiopatia da doença de Chagas que evoluiu com dispnéia progressiva, dor torácica e infiltrado intersticial pulmonar

“…With the persistence of increased interstitial pressure, the image of the interlobular septa -which are thickened due to fluid infiltration, becomes noticeable. Another aspect found in interstitial edema is the presence of ground-glass opacities 11,12 .…”