Eddy Current Array Inspection of Damaged CFRP Sandwich Panels

Underhill, P. R.; Rellinger, T.; Krause, Thomas W.; Wowk, Diane

doi:10.1115/1.4046720

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…The research conducted by Underhill et al emphasized the nondestructive evaluation of sandwich panels made of carbon composites. The examination procedure involved an eddy current array sensitive to minor disbound and dents [ 21 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nondestructive Examination of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Composites Using the Eddy Current Method

Łukaszuk

Chady

2023

Materials

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This paper presents the results of experiments using the eddy current system designated for nondestructive inspection of carbon fiber-reinforced composites. For this purpose, the eddy current testing system with a differential transducer with two pairs of excitation coils oriented perpendicularly and a central pick-up coil was utilized. The transducer measures the magnetic flux difference flowing through the pick-up coil. The transducer of this design has already been successfully utilized to inspect isotropic metal structures. However, the anisotropy of the composites and their lower conductivity compared to metal components made the transducer parameters adjustment essential. Thus, various excitation frequencies were considered and investigated. The system was evaluated using a sample made of orthogonally woven carbon fiber-reinforced composites with two artificial flaws (the notches with a maximum relative depth of 30% and 70%, respectively, thickness of 0.4 mm, and a length of 5 mm). The main goal was to find a configuration suitable for detecting hidden flaws in such materials.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nondestructive Examination of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Composites Using the Eddy Current Method

Łukaszuk

Chady

2023

Materials

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“…Multiple nondestructive testing techniques exist for inspecting defects in honeycomb structures, such as eddy current testing (ECT) [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ], ultrasonic testing (UT), phased array inspection (PA) [ 15 ], thermography testing [ 9 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ], acoustic emission testing Shearography [ 21 ], and X-ray computed tomography (XCT) [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. However, these methods often have limitations in terms of sensitivity, accuracy, and efficiency, particularly when dealing with hidden or subsurface defects, complex geometries, and different defect materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, their detection was only qualitative rather than quantitative. The study by Underhill et al [ 12 ] investigated the use of eddy current arrays for detecting damage, including disbonding and core defects in sandwich panels with carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) facesheets. While they successfully detected core crush or indentation in the honeycomb core, they were unable to quantify these defects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nondestructive Inspection and Quantification of Select Interface Defects in Honeycomb Sandwich Panels

Khademi,

Pulipati,

Jack

2024

Materials

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Honeycomb sandwich panels are utilized in many industrial applications due to their high bending resistance relative to their weight. Defects between the core and the facesheet compromise their integrity and efficiency due to the inability to transfer loads. The material system studied in the present paper is a unidirectional carbon fiber composite facesheet with a honeycomb core with a variety of defects at the interface between the two material systems. Current nondestructive techniques focus on defect detectability, whereas the presented method uses high-frequency ultrasound testing (UT) to detect and quantify the defect geometry and defect type. Testing is performed using two approaches, a laboratory scale immersion tank and a novel portable UT system, both of which utilize only single-side access to the part. Coupons are presented with defects spanning from 5 to 40 mm in diameter, whereas defects in the range of 15–25 mm and smaller are considered below the detectability limits of existing inspection methods. Defect types studied include missing adhesive, unintentional foreign objects that occur during the manufacturing process, damaged core, and removed core sections. An algorithm is presented to quantify the defect perimeter. The provided results demonstrate successful defect detection, with an average defect diameter error of 0.6 mm across all coupons studied in the immersion system and 1.1 mm for the portable system. The best accuracy comes from the missing adhesive coupons, with an average error of 0.3 mm. Conversely, the worst results come from the missing or damaged honeycomb coupons, with an error average of 0.7 mm, well below the standard detectability levels of 15–25 mm.

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Eddy Current Array Inspection of Damaged CFRP Sandwich Panels

Cited by 2 publications

References 25 publications

Nondestructive Examination of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Composites Using the Eddy Current Method

Nondestructive Examination of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Composites Using the Eddy Current Method

Nondestructive Inspection and Quantification of Select Interface Defects in Honeycomb Sandwich Panels

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