Ectopic intrathoracic kidney: A case report and literature review

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“…Algunos pacientes pueden padecer hidronefrosis severa, quizá causada por la obstrucción intermitente de las fibras musculares del diafragma. 8 El diagnóstico de riñón ectópico se establece de forma fortuita y el tratamiento quirúrgico se implementa en función de la manifestación de síntomas, es decir, excreción disminuida o reflujo. Los estudios con isótopos, la ultrasonografía pre y posnatal, la radiografía de tórax, resonancia magnética y urografía intravenosa son efectivos para identificar el parénquima renal ectópico.…”

Thoracic kidney: a case Report

“…Thoracic kidney is a rarest type of renal ectopia(less than 5% of all renal ectopia) [1,2,5]. It has reported incidence of less than 5 per 1 million births [6]. Most cases are asymptomatic and discovered as incidental finding on radiographic investigation or at thoracotomy [1,5].…”

“…level of L2 vertebra and meet the suprarenal glands Various mechanisms have been thought to be responsible for intrathoracic kidneys such as accelerated ascent of the kidney, delayed closure or maldevelopment of the pleuroperitoneal membrane, effect of the developing liver and adrenal glands, and the persistence of the nephrogenic cord [6] The first case of thoracic kidney was reported by Wolfromm in 1940 and ~200 cases are reported [6] .Intrathoracic kidney occur found more commonly on the left (62%) than on the right side (36%); 2% of the patients had bilateral intra-thoracic kidney. Also, this anomaly is found with higher frequency in males (63%) than in females (37%) [9].…”

“…Intrathoracic kidneys are classified into four sub according to concurrent defect and management approach: (a) closed diaphragm, (b) eventration of the diaphragm, (c) diaphragmatic hernia (congenital or acquired) and (d) traumatic rupture of the diaphragm [13]. Various mechanisms have been thought to be responsible for intrathoracic kidneys such as accelerated ascent of the kidney, delayed closure or maldevelopment of the pleuroperitoneal membrane, effect of the developing liver and adrenal glands, and [6].…”

Intrathoracic renal ectopia with congenital diaphragmatic hernia

“…Intrathoracic renal ectopia is a rare variant of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) (estimated incidence <0.25% of cases) 1…”