Ecophysiological roles of abaxial anthocyanins in a perennial understorey herb from temperate deciduous forests

Fernández‐Marín, Beatriz; Esteban, Raquel; Míguez, Fátima; Artetxe, Unai; Castañeda, Verónica; Pintó‐Marijuan, Marta; Garcı́a-Plazaola, José Ignacio

doi:10.1093/aobpla/plv042

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Persistence of F. sylvatica in the study area is presumed to be favoured by recurrent fog episodes of oceanic origin, which would alleviate vapour pressure deficit in the summer afternoons (Barbeta et al, 2019). The soils are shallow, poorly developed, rocky and originated from calcareous rocks (see Fernández-Marín et al, 2015 for further details on the description of the study site). In this area, we selected two sampling locations, one within a P. sylvestris plantation and one in the middle of the F. sylvatica forest.…”

Section: Study Sites and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water taken up through the bark is detected in the transpiration stream in intact upper‐canopy branches

Gimeno

Stangl

Barbeta

et al. 2022

Plant Cell & Environment

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Alternative water uptake pathways through leaves and bark complement water supply with interception, fog or dew. Bark water-uptake contributes to embolismrepair, as demonstrated in cut branches. We tested whether bark water-uptake could also contribute to supplement xylem-water for transpiration. We applied bandages injected with 2 H-enriched water on intact upper-canopy branches of Pinus sylvestris and Fagus sylvatica in a boreal and in a temperate forest, in summer and winter, and monitored transpiration and online isotopic composition (δ 2 H and δ 18 O) of water vapour, before sampling for analyses of δ 2 H and δ 18 O in tissue waters.Xylem, bark and leaf waters from segments downstream from the bandages were 2 H-enriched whereas δ 18 O was similar to controls. Transpiration was positively correlated with 2 H-enrichment. Isotopic compositions of transpiration and xylem water allowed us to calculate isotopic exchange through the bark via vapour exchange, which was negligible in comparison to estimated bark water-uptake, suggesting that water-uptake occurred via liquid phase. Results were consistent across species, forests and seasons, indicating that bark water-uptake may be more ubiquitous than previously considered. We suggest that water taken up through the bark could be incorporated into the transpiration stream, which could imply that sap-flow measurements underestimate transpiration when bark is wet.

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Section: Study Sites and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water taken up through the bark is detected in the transpiration stream in intact upper‐canopy branches

Gimeno

Stangl

Barbeta

et al. 2022

Plant Cell & Environment

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“…[24]. In contrast to the intensive studies of the ecological relevance of abaxially red leaves, the mechanism that anthocyanins are maintained and avoided from shade-promoted anthocyanin degradation, has been interested by researchers for many years, but has not yet been clarified [26, 27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In planta high levels of hydrolysable tannins inhibit peroxidase mediated anthocyanin degradation and maintain abaxially red leaves of Excoecaria Cochinchinensis

Luo

Zhang

et al. 2019

BMC Plant Biol

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Background Abaxially anthocyanic leaves of deeply-shaded understorey plants play important ecological significance for the environmental adaption. In contrast to the transient pigmentation in other plants, anthocyanins are permanently presented in these abaxially red leaves, however, the mechanism for the pigment maintenance remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated phenolic metabolites that may affect pigment stability and degradation in Excoecaria cochinchinensis (a bush of permanently abaxial-red leaves), via a comparison with Osmanthus fragrans (a bush of transiently red leaves). Results High levels of galloylated anthocyanins were identified in the Excoecaria but not in the Osmanthus plants. The galloylated anthocyanin showed slightly higher stability than two non-galloylated anthocyanins, while all the 3 pigments were rapidly degraded by peroxidase (POD) in vitro. High levels of hydrolysable tannins [mainly galloylglucoses/ellagitannins (GGs/ETs)] were identified in Excoecaria but none in Osmanthus . GGs/ETs showed inhibition effect on POD, with IC50 ranged from 35.55 to 83.27 μM, correlated to the markedly lower POD activities detected in Excoecaria than in Osmanthus . Strong copigmentation was observed for GGs/ETs and anthocyanins, with more than 30% increase in the red intensity of non-galloylated anthocyanin solutions. In the leaf tissue, the hydrolysable tannins were observed to be co-localized with anthocyanins at the abaxial layer of the Excoecaria leaves, correlated to the low POD activity, more acidity and increased red intensity of the tissue. Conclusion The results suggest that the Excoecaria leaves accumulate a distinct group of phenolic metabolites, mainly GGs/ETs, at the abaxial layer, which prevent anthocyanin degradation and increase the pigment stability, and consequently lead to the permanent maintenance of the red leaves. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12870-019-1903-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…; but see Fernández‐Marín et al . ). In contrast, we found that anthocyanic and non‐anthocyanic plants showed similar levels of F v / F m after two hours of sun exposition, but in early morning conditions, the former showed lower F v / F m values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…; Hughes ; but see Fernández‐Marín et al . ). These time and space patterns of anthocyanin production in vegetative organs have most often been investigated in shrubs and trees.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Whole‐plant reddening in Silene germana is due to anthocyanin accumulation in response to visible light

et al. 2018

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The phenology of anthocyanin accumulation in leaves has been widely studied in perennial plants; several hypotheses have been proposed to explain their adaptive significance. Here, we explored the photoprotection hypothesis in Silene germana, a Mediterranean annual plant with late-spring/summer flowering. We analysed the temporal patterns of anthocyanin accumulation in photosynthetic calyces, leaves and stems and throughout the reproductive season, and their relationship with flower abortion, florivory and plant mortality due to drought. In addition, the flavonoid production and the photoinhibitory response were measured in a shading experiment. The whole plant becomes red at the end of the flowering and remains red until fruiting and senescence. Calyces were redder on the side with more sun exposition. Aborted flowers showed redder calyces than those of fruiting flowers. No effect of plant redness on florivory or plant mortality was found. The shading experiment showed a positive relationship between anthocyanin accumulation and intensity of solar radiation, but plants growing in absence of UV showed similar redness than full sunlight plants. Plants growing in natural shade lack anthocyanins but produced the same amount of non-anthocyanin flavonoids. Anthocyanic and non-anthocyanic plants showed similar photochemical efficiency (F /F ) after sun exposition, but in early morning, the former showed lower F /F values. Plants growing in full sunlight produced more fruits than those of natural shade plants. Whole-plant reddening during fruiting and senescence appears to be a property of S. germana. Our results suggest that anthocyanin accumulation depends on sunlight intensity, but non-anthocyanin flavonoids are produced constitutively.

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Ecophysiological roles of abaxial anthocyanins in a perennial understorey herb from temperate deciduous forests

Cited by 14 publications

References 37 publications

Water taken up through the bark is detected in the transpiration stream in intact upper‐canopy branches

Water taken up through the bark is detected in the transpiration stream in intact upper‐canopy branches

In planta high levels of hydrolysable tannins inhibit peroxidase mediated anthocyanin degradation and maintain abaxially red leaves of Excoecaria Cochinchinensis

Whole‐plant reddening in Silene germana is due to anthocyanin accumulation in response to visible light

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